Traditional Chinese medicine considers this disease to fall within the category of "deficiency damage." It arises from congenital insufficiency, postnatal maladjustment, constitutional weakness; or external contraction of pathogenic factors; or prolonged illness without proper treatment; or injury from medication, leading to qi and blood deficiency, yin-yang disharmony, and thus the onset of the disease.

bubble_chart Modern Research

When the total number of white blood cells in peripheral blood is persistently below 4×10⁹/L due to autoimmune diseases, it is called autoimmune leukopenia.

This disease is caused by the presence of granulocyte agglutinins in the peripheral circulation, antibodies or antibody complexes attached to the surface of granulocytes, making granulocytes more susceptible to destruction, exceeding the bone marrow's production capacity; or due to drug allergies or hematopoietic stem cell injury leading to granulocyte production disorders and granulocyte maturation disorders.

[Diagnosis]

1. Clinically, lack of strength and dizziness are the most common symptoms, accompanied by low fever, anorexia, insomnia dreamfulness, fear of cold, soreness in the waist, flusteredness, and other symptoms.
2. Susceptible to external contraction.
3. There is a history of drug allergies or hypersensitivity to physical and chemical substances.
4. The total number of white blood cells in the blood is mostly 2-4×10⁹/L, the absolute value of neutrophils is below 1.8×10⁹/L, monocytes and eosinophils often increase, lymphocytes relatively increase or remain normal, and the number of red blood cells and platelets is normal.
5. Anti-white blood cell antibodies can be detected in the serum, causing white blood cells to agglutinate and be destroyed by organs such as the liver, spleen, and lungs.
6. The bone marrow image is normal or shows grade I hyperplasia.

bubble_chart Pattern Analysis

1. Seasonal Febrile Toxin︰High fever or low fever, body fatigue and limb weakness, cold limbs with shivering, flushed face and sore throat, dry mouth with desire to drink, red and swollen tonsillitis, dry stool, dark urine. Red and deep crimson tongue with thin yellow coating, thready and rapid pulse. Clearing heat and removing toxin, enriching yin and cooling blood. Modified Rhinoceros Horn and Rehmannia Decoction combined with Jade Lady Decoction. Buffalo horn powder 5g (take infused), Moutan Bark 10g, Red Peony Root 10g, Unprocessed Rehmannia Root 30g, Lalang Grass Rhizome 20g, Isatis Root 20g, Scrophularia Root 15g, Raw Gypsum 30g (to be decocted first), Lonicera 10g, Forsythia 10g, Shield-fern Rhizome 10g, Skullcap Root 10g. For severe constipation, add raw Rhubarb Rhizome (to be decocted later) 10g; for sore throat and oral ulcers, add Belamcanda Rhizome 10g and Liquorice Root 6g.
2. Spleen Qi Deficiency︰Dull complexion, dizziness, fatigue, lack of strength, shortness of qi, reluctance to speak, poor appetite, loose stools, fear of cold, cold limbs. Pale red tongue with thin white coating, weak and soggy pulse. Strengthen the spleen and tonify the stomach, tonifying the middle and replenishing qi. Modified Buzhong Yiqi Decoction. Raw Astragalus Root 15g, White Atractylodes Rhizome 15g, Tangshen 15g, Dried Tangerine Peel 10g, Cimicifuga Rhizome 6g, Bupleurum 6g, Chinese Angelica 10g, Chinese Yam 15g, Poria 15g, Liquorice Root 6g. For severe fear of cold and cold limbs, add Psoralea 20g, Cornus 10g, Common Curculigo Rhizome 10g, Epimedium Herb 10g. For weak limbs, lack of strength, and shortness of breath upon exertion, add Heterophylly Falsestarwort Root 15g, Suberect Spatholobus Stem 15g. For deficiency of both qi and yin, add Heterophylly Falsestarwort Root 10g, Ophiopogon Tuber 10g.
3. Deficiency of Both Heart and Spleen︰Palpitation, shortness of breath, fatigue, lack of strength, dizziness, insomnia, anorexia, dull complexion. Pale tongue with tooth marks, thin white coating, deep and thready weak pulse. Tonifying qi and invigorating the spleen, nourishing blood and calming the heart. Modified Returning to Spleen Decoction. Astragalus Root 15g, Tangshen 20g, Chinese Angelica 10g, White Atractylodes Rhizome 10g, Poria 15g, Aucklandia Root 10g, Sour Jujube 10g, Milkwort Root 10g, Pyrrosia Leaf 10g, Chinese Date 3 pieces, Prepared Liquorice Root 6g. For heart vexation and heat, add Coptis Rhizome 5g and Bamboo Leaf 5g; for severe palpitation, shortness of breath, and lack of strength, replace Tangshen with American Ginseng 10g.
4. Liver-kidney Yin Deficiency︰Dizziness, tinnitus, soreness and weakness in the lower back and knees, feverish sensation in the palms and soles, irritability, seminal emission, insomnia or dream-disturbed sleep, red edges and tip of the tongue with thin, scant white coating, and a thready, rapid pulse. Nourish blood, enrich yin, and tonify the liver and kidneys. Modified Dang Gui Shao Yao Tang: Angelica sinensis 10g, Paeonia lactiflora 10g, Rehmannia glutinosa (prepared) 20g, Dioscorea opposita 15g, Cornus officinalis 10g, Poria cocos 15g, Alisma orientale 10g, Moutan cortex 10g, Lycium barbarum 10g, Polygonum multiflorum (prepared) 15g, human placenta powder (take infused) 3g, Polygonum cuspidatum 10g. For pronounced deficiency-heat, such as low-grade fever or tidal fever, consider adding Carapax Trionycis 15g, Lycium chinense root bark 10g, Stellaria root 10g. For night sweats and marked thirst, add fresh Rehmannia glutinosa 20g, Gypsum fibrosum 15g. For seminal emission, add Cuscuta chinensis 10g, Psoralea corylifolia 10g.