Acute suppurative inflammation of the intraorbital soft tissue or beneath the bone membrane often tends to spread intracranially, leading to permanent vision loss or life-threatening conditions such as cavernous sinus thrombosis or suppurative meningitis.

bubble_chart Etiology

1. The occurrence of orbital cellulitis can be caused by the spread of infection from adjacent tissues, such as orbital trauma or postoperative infection, panophthalmitis, cavernous sinus thrombosis, sinusitis, facial boils or erysipelas, and oral lesions. The pathogenic bacteria are mostly hemolytic streptococci and Staphylococcus aureus.

2. Systemic pestilence diseases, such as sepsis or scarlet fever, can lead to infection when bacteria invade orbital tissues through the bloodstream.

bubble_chart Clinical Manifestations

1. Systemic symptoms: The onset of inflammation is acute, with elevated body temperature, aversion to cold, presenting an acute sexually transmitted disease appearance, fear of cold, fever, headache, malignant vomiting, and even systemic toxic symptoms such as unconsciousness and convulsions.

2. Ocular symptoms: Eyelid edema, proptosis, restricted and fixed eye movement, with severe edema of the bulbar conjunctiva protruding beyond the palpebral fissure. Orbital pain is significant, worsening with eye movement or pressure. If the inflammation invades the optic nerve, it may cause optic disc edema, congestion, vision loss, or even blindness. If the inflammation ruptures into the conjunctiva or skin, symptoms may alleviate and subside. If the inflammation spreads posteriorly into the cranial cavity, it can lead to severe intracranial complications, potentially life-threatening.

Targeted treatment for the disease cause involves systemic administration of broad-spectrum antibiotics in large doses, combined with corticosteroids. When a mass appears on the conjunctiva or skin surface, perform an incision to expel pus and insert a rubber strip for drainage. Inflammation in adjacent tissues of the canthus should be treated accordingly.