Cervical polyps (uterine cervical polyps) usually originate from the cervical canal mucosa, representing an accumulation of cervical canal mucosa. Inflammation is widely considered a contributing factor in polyp formation.

bubble_chart Clinical Manifestations

When polyps are very small, they often have no symptoms and are usually discovered during gynecological examinations for other gynecological conditions. Larger polyps can cause increased leucorrhea, bloody leucorrhea, or contact bleeding, especially after sexual intercourse or straining during bowel movements, which may result in slight bleeding. These symptoms are similar to those of early-stage cervical carcinoma.

bubble_chart Diagnosis

Larger polyps are easily detected during bimanual examination, but small polyps can only be seen after exposing the cervix with a vaginal speculum.

Polyps may occasionally undergo malignant transformation or coexist with sexually transmitted diseases, so the discovery of a polyp should never preclude further examination. A cervical smear should first be performed for cytological examination, followed by removal of the polyp for pathological examination.

bubble_chart Treatment Measures

Small polyps can be removed with vascular forceps, followed by slight pressure for hemostasis, or by placing a piece of gauze at the cervical os, which is removed after 24 hours. For larger polyps with thicker stalks, the base can be cauterized for hemostasis after removal. If multiple polyps are present, the cervical canal can be slightly dilated, followed by thorough curettage, along with a diagnostic dilation and curettage. All specimens should be sent for pathological examination to determine if further treatment is needed. Postoperatively, appropriate anti-infective medications may be administered, and attention should be paid to any bleeding.