Varicose veins in the lower limbs are a common condition, especially among those engaged in prolonged physical labor or standing work. The main symptoms include dilation, elongation, and tortuosity of the superficial veins in the lower limbs, leading to discomfort such as soreness, lack of strength, and heaviness in the affected limb. In severe cases, it is often accompanied by complications such as leg ulcers or superficial phlebitis.

bubble_chart Clinical Manifestations

1. In the lower limbs, especially in the calves, superficial veins become raised, dilated, and tortuous, even coiling into clusters;
2. patients often experience calf soreness, lack of strength;
3. prolonged standing leads to foot swelling;
4. in the advanced stage, the skin of the calves and ankles often exhibits brown pigmentation and eczema, and minor injuries can frequently result in chronic ulcers that are slow to heal.

bubble_chart Diagnosis

1. The above main symptoms and signs.
2. Superficial venous valve function test.
3. Communicating branch valve function test.
4. Deep venous patency test.

bubble_chart Treatment Measures

1. Elastic stockings or elastic bandage compression: Suitable for pregnancy period, mild conditions, elderly patients, or those with poor general condition who cannot tolerate surgery.
2. Sclerotherapy: Used for the treatment of residual varicose veins after surgery.
3. Surgical treatment: Perform high ligation of the great saphenous vein or small saphenous vein, strip the main trunk, remove dilated tributaries, and ligate incompetent perforating veins.

For early grade I varicose vein patients, elastic stockings or elastic bandage wrapping can be used, along with adequate rest. For middle and advanced stage patients with calf distending pain, combined with eczema or ulcers, high ligation plus stripping of the great saphenous vein in the affected limb can be performed after confirming that the deep veins of the lower limb are patent.

1. Cure: Symptoms and signs disappear.
2. Improvement: Symptoms are relieved or alleviated.
3. No cure: Varicose veins are not resolved, lower limb swelling persists, and ulcers are not healed.