1. History of trauma.
2. Penile injury may present with local bruising, bleeding, penile fracture, or signs of skin avulsion.
3. Scrotal injury may manifest as swelling, tenderness, bruising or hematoma, and skin avulsion in the scrotal area. In cases of testicular and epididymal injury, there is significant local swelling and tenderness.
4. For scrotal hematoma, blood can be aspirated by puncture.

bubble_chart Treatment Measures

1. For simple closed injuries, bed rest is recommended with elevation of the scrotum, along with early local cold compresses or advanced-stage hot compresses, pain relief, and the use of antibiotics to prevent infection.
2. In cases of skin avulsion, debridement and suturing are necessary to stop bleeding and control infection. The exposed testis and epididymis should not be hastily removed; instead, efforts should be made to cover and preserve them after thorough debridement.
3. For testicular rupture, efforts should be made to preserve testicular tissue by suturing the tunica albuginea. In cases of complete penile amputation, immediate replantation surgery should be performed.
4. For closed penile fractures occurring during erection, the skin may be incised to evacuate the hematoma, followed by suturing of the fascial membrane for repair, with a urinary catheter placed during the procedure.
5. For closed scrotal hematomas that do not respond to general treatment or are large in size, aspiration may be performed to facilitate absorption. If infection and suppuration occur, incision and drainage are required.