Aspergillosis is a non-specific granulomatous lesion caused by Aspergillus, commonly occurring in the bronchi, lungs, sinuses, external ear canal, skin, bones, and brain membranes. Aspergillus is often found in grains, poultry, and animal skin and hair, and can enter the body through the respiratory tract, skin, or mucous membranes. Therefore, grain threshers, poultry farmers, and those in the skin and hair industry are particularly susceptible to this disease.

bubble_chart Clinical Manifestations

1. Pulmonary and bronchial aspergillosis often occurs secondary to pneumonia, bronchial asthma, bronchiectasis, pulmonary subcutaneous nodules, and lung abscess. In the acute phase, symptoms include fever, shortness of breath, cough, hemoptysis, and green granules in the sputum. The chronic phase is characterized by low-grade fever, cough, and weight loss.
2. Sinus aspergillosis progresses slowly, often with the discharge of green pus. The lesion may spread to the orbit and brain tissue.
3. Disseminated aspergillosis can spread hematogenously to the endocardium, myocardium, ribs, vertebrae, meninges, brain, kidneys, liver, spleen, and other organs throughout the body, causing lesions.

   Laboratory tests

   involve smears of sputum or pus specimens, under which thick, branching hyphae forming acute angles can be observed. Filamentous colonies can also be cultured on Sabouraud's medium. Blood eosinophil counts are elevated (>1.0×10⁹/L), and serum IgE levels exceed 1000 mg/ml.

bubble_chart Treatment Measures

﹝Treatment﹞

(1) Treat the primary disease. (2) Pathogenic treatment may include Amphotericin B and 5-Fluorocytosine, with the same course as before, but the efficacy is poor. (3) Surgical treatment can be performed for localized lesions such as pulmonary aspergilloma, sinuses, and orbits.