This disease is called Scheuermann's disease, also known as juvenile round back. It is an osteochondrosis of the upper and lower epiphyseal plates (i.e., secondary epiphyses) of the vertebral bodies, typically affecting 3-5 adjacent thoracic vertebrae simultaneously, though it can also occur in the thoracolumbar region. The pathological features include ischemic necrosis of the anterior half of the epiphysis, leading to developmental impairment of the anterior vertebral body, which gradually becomes wedge-shaped, resulting in a round back deformity.

bubble_chart Diagnosis

1. Clinical manifestations: Fatigue or exercise to be decocted later. Dull pain in the back, stiffness in the lower thoracic spine during forward flexion of the spine, and increased cervical and lumbar lordosis to compensate for the kyphotic deformity of the lower thoracic spine.

2. X-ray examination: Indentation-shaped defects are observed at the upper and lower corners of the anterior vertebral margins on the lateral view, presenting as grade I wedge-shaped changes. Typical Schmorl's nodules appear in the intervertebral spaces.

bubble_chart Treatment Measures

During the acute phase, bed rest for several months is required, ensuring the spine is kept in an appropriate hyperextended position, and strengthening the lumbar and back muscles through exercise. Traction or braces may also be used for correction. Grade I or Grade II back deformities do not affect spinal function. For severe deformities causing pain and functional impairment, a hyperextended plaster cast can be used to correct the deformity; surgery may be necessary, involving Harrington rod internal fixation and spinal fusion.