A break in the integrity or continuity of bone is called a fracture.

bubble_chart Diagnosis

1) Systemic symptoms:

1 Shock: Commonly seen in fracture of femur, pelvic fracture, and spinal fracture. In such cases, there is often severe soft tissue injury, extensive internal bleeding, or complications such as visceral rupture.

2 Elevated body temperature: Large bones such as the femur often exhibit elevated body temperature, but it usually does not exceed 38°C. If there is an elevated temperature in an open fracture, the possibility of infection should be considered.

2) Local symptoms:

1 Deformity: Displaced fractures may present with limb shortening, angulation, or rotational deformity.

2 Abnormal movement: Unusual movement may occur at the fracture site.

3 Crepitus: Bone friction sounds may be heard during examination. However, this sign should not be intentionally checked.

4 Tenderness: There is often significant tenderness at the fracture site. Superficial fractures typically exhibit tenderness, while deep fractures may present with percussion pain.

5 Bruising and swelling: Bleeding at the fracture ends and in soft tissues, along with tissue edema, leads to localized swelling.

bubble_chart Treatment Measures

1) Reduction: The fracture segment must be correctly reduced.

2) Fixation: The reduced fracture must be continuously fixed in a good position until the fracture heals. During fixation, the blood circulation of the injured limb must be closely observed.

3) Functional exercise: After the fracture is fixed, functional exercise must be performed as early as possible to ensure comprehensive and active movement of the injured limb and other joints of the body without pain, so as to avoid complications such as muscle atrophy, osteoporosis, and joint stiffness.