bubble_chart Overview

Seborrheic dermatitis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease that occurs in areas with excessive sebum production. The typical lesions are dark yellow-red papules or patches with well-defined borders, covered by greasy scales or crusts, accompanied by varying degrees of cutaneous pruritus. The exact cause of the disease is not well understood, but some researchers currently believe that it is caused by an imbalance in the normal skin surface flora and an overgrowth of Malassezia ovalis (formerly known as Pityrosporum ovale) on the basis of seborrhea.

bubble_chart Clinical Manifestations

1. The typical lesion is a well-defined dark yellow-red patch, plaque, or papule covered with greasy scales or crusts. Clinical manifestations vary slightly depending on the affected area. 2. The rash commonly occurs in areas rich in sebaceous glands, such as the scalp, eyebrows, eyelids, nose and its sides, behind the ears, neck, chest, upper back interscapular region, armpits, groin, and navel. 3. The subjective symptom is varying degrees of cutaneous pruritus. 4. Infantile seborrheic dermatitis often occurs in the first month after birth, with lesions mainly on the scalp, forehead, glabella, and cheeks, presenting as erythematous patches with yellow crusts.

bubble_chart Diagnosis

1. It commonly occurs in adults and newborns, with typical skin lesions being well-defined dark yellow-red patches or papules covered with greasy scales or crusts, symmetrically distributed. 2. The lesions are prone to appear in areas rich in sebaceous glands, such as the head, face, and folds. 3. The course is chronic, accompanied by varying degrees of cutaneous pruritus.

bubble_chart Treatment Measures

Principles of Treatment

1. Systemic Treatment: 1. Vitamin B2, B6, and complex vitamin B, etc.; 2. For severe cutaneous pruritus, sedatives and antipruritics may be administered; 3. When inflammation is significant or covers a large area, short-term corticosteroids and antibiotics may be given.
2. Local Treatment: The treatment principles are to reduce sebum, alleviate inflammation, sterilize, and relieve itching.

Medication Guidelines 1. Generally, vitamin B complex drugs are selected. For severe cutaneous pruritus, 1-2 types of antihistamines may be chosen; 2. When inflammation is pronounced or the rash is widespread and uncontrolled by other treatments, oral prednisone may be used; 3. Appropriate topical medications should be selected simultaneously.

bubble_chart Cure Criteria

1. Cure: Subjective symptoms disappear and the rash subsides; 2. Improvement: Subjective symptoms alleviate and most of the rash subsides; 3. No improvement: Neither subjective symptoms nor the rash show any improvement.