Celiac Axis Compression Syndrome refers to visceral ischemia caused by localized stenosis of the celiac artery, clinically presenting as a group of symptoms primarily characterized by intermittent dull pain in the upper abdomen accompanied by nausea, vomiting, or diarrhea. This syndrome is also known as Marable Syndrome and is more commonly seen in young women.

bubble_chart Etiology

This syndrome is mostly caused by excessive fibrous tissue in the arcuate ligament of the diaphragm or the celiac plexus compressing the celiac stirred pulse. There are no lesions such as stirred pulse atherosclerosis or syphilis.

bubble_chart Clinical Manifestations

It is commonly seen in young women. The main manifestation is intermittent upper abdominal pain unrelated to eating, primarily dull pain, which may be accompanied by non-specific gastrointestinal symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, or diarrhea. A loud systolic blowing murmur can be heard in the upper abdomen, which does not radiate downward. A small number of patients may be asymptomatic.

bubble_chart Diagnosis

The clinical presentation is nonspecific, and this condition should be considered in cases of unexplained upper abdominal pain, especially in women. Diagnosis primarily relies on abdominal angiography. If abdominal angiography reveals localized stenosis, the diagnosis can be confirmed. B-mode ultrasound, CT scans, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can help determine the size and extent of the tumor, aiding in the diagnosis.

bubble_chart Treatment Measures

Surgery may be performed for those with obvious symptoms.

bubble_chart Differentiation

It needs to be differentiated from abdominal aortic aneurysm, which is mostly caused by atherosclerosis and mainly occurs below the renal artery branches, often presenting as fusiform enlargement, with no obvious symptoms before rupture.