A green tumor is a form of myeloid leukemia, characterized by localized infiltration of abnormal white blood cells beneath the periosteum or within soft tissues. It is named for its pale green color (due to the presence of faint green pigment in the cytoplasm of the tumor cells) and its round, raised, tumor-like appearance. Most patients with this condition are outwardly healthy children, with males being more commonly affected than females. The disease often presents with leukemic changes in the blood and bone marrow, progresses rapidly, and can be fatal within months or even weeks.

bubble_chart Pathological Changes

The primary change is marked by excessive bone marrow hyperplasia. This leads to the accumulation of a large number of myeloblasts, resulting in tumor-like alterations.

bubble_chart Clinical Manifestations

This disease draws attention due to the protrusion of the eyeball, as the orbital bone membrane is a common site for localized infiltration of leukemia. Typically, a hard, firm mass can be palpated at the orbital rim, with swollen eyelids that appear pale green. The tumor grows exceptionally rapidly, filling the orbit in a short period and often extending into the sinuses and cranial cavity. The preauricular and submandibular lymph nodes are frequently enlarged. The skin over the tumor may also exhibit greenish pigmentation. In the late stage (third stage), the disease affects all major organs and the bones of the limbs. In the advanced stage, death often occurs due to anemia, infection, and exhaustion.

bubble_chart Treatment Measures

This disease should be treated with internal medicine as early as possible, and biopsy or surgical resection should be avoided to prevent uncontrollable massive bleeding.