The mixed tumor of the pharynx originates from the epithelium of the minor salivary glands. It is called a mixed tumor because initially, the diverse structure of this tumor was not well understood, and it was mistakenly thought to originate from two germ layer tissues. It is now believed that all components of the tumor originate from the glandular epithelium, hence it is referred to as a pleomorphic adenoma of the salivary gland. However, since the term "mixed tumor" has been in use for a long time, it is still used. Mixed tumors most commonly occur in the parotid gland, followed by the submandibular gland, with the palate being the third most common site. They are not found in the pharynx. They can occur at any age.

bubble_chart Pathological Changes

Pathological examination reveals that the tumor is mostly encapsulated by a complete membrane, with a firm texture, and a few are softer or have a cystic sensation. The cut surface is smooth and gray-white or gray-yellow, often lobulated. The microscopic structure is relatively complex, mainly composed of epithelial tissue arranged in clusters or papillary patterns, with a stroma consisting of connective tissue and containing muscle, fat, and cartilage-like tissues.

bubble_chart Clinical Manifestations

In the early stages, there are often no noticeable symptoms, or there may be a sensation of a foreign body, throat discomfort, or difficulty swallowing, with unclear pronunciation. In severe cases, breathing difficulties may occur. Upon examination, a round or hemispherical protrusion can be seen in the throat or soft palate, which feels variably firm or soft to the touch.

bubble_chart Diagnosis

bubble_chart Treatment Measures

This disease is a benign tumor, but some have the potential for malignant transformation. Surgical resection is the primary treatment, and radiotherapy may be used in conjunction for those who are not suitable for surgery.

bubble_chart Differentiation

This disease should be differentiated from neurofibroma, adenocarcinoma, and others.