or | Treatise on Warm-Heat Diseases |
dynasty | Qing, written in 1746 AD |
smart_toy
bubble_chart Description 1 volume, Qing Dynasty Ye Gui (Tianshi) orally transmitted, compiled by his disciples Gu Jingwen and others based on notes. Ye (1667-1746) was a prominent clinical medical expert during the Kangxi and Qianlong eras, born into a family of medical practitioners, skilled in internal medicine, especially in the diagnosis and treatment of warm diseases. Wenre Lun was completed in the 11th year of Qianlong (1746). There are two surviving versions: one is found in the "Continued Selection of Linzheng Zhinan Yi'an" compiled by his disciple Hua Xiuyun, titled Ye Tianshi Wenre Lun (later abbreviated as Wenre Lun), and later Wang Mengying included it in Wenre Jingwei, titled "Treatise on Externally Contracted Warmth and Heat." The other version is found in the first volume of Tang Lisan's Wuyi Huijiang (a bound volume of medical journals), titled "On the Treatment of Warmth Syndromes"; later, Zhang Nan included it in Yimen Banghe with annotations. The two versions have different arrangements but similar content.
Wenre Lun, as the first monograph on warm febrile diseases, has the following academic features:
- It points out the infection routes and transmission patterns of warm diseases. Ye's description of the infection routes of warm pathogens is consistent with the view of "pathogens entering through the mouth and nose" in the Ming Dynasty Wu Youke's Wenyi Lun, and further developed. He believed that although cold-damage diseases and warm diseases are both externally contracted, cold-damage pathogens enter through the skin and hair, from the outside in, from yin to yang; warm pathogens enter through the mouth and nose, first attacking the lungs. Hence, it is said: "Warm pathogens ascend and first attack the lungs, then reversely transmit to the pericardium." Ye Tianshi's description of the infection routes and transmission patterns of warm febrile diseases became the general outline of the etiology and pathogenesis of externally contracted warm febrile diseases, widely followed by later physicians.
- He established the diagnostic and treatment principles of "defense, qi, nutrient, and blood" for warm diseases (i.e., dividing the pathological process of warm diseases into four stages: defense, qi, nutrient, and blood). As the saying goes: "After defense, then qi; after nutrient, then blood." In the later stages of warm diseases, the warm pathogens in the blood aspect become extremely intense, reflecting the critical nature of the disease. Wenre Lun also provides detailed differentiation of the main symptoms, accompanying symptoms, and variable symptoms at each stage.
- It emphasizes the diagnostic methods of observing the tongue, examining the teeth, and analyzing rashes and spots on the skin. In the treatment of warm diseases, Ye emphasizes the clearing method, dispersing wind when combined with wind, and removing dampness when combined with dampness, preventing wind and dampness from combining with heat. If warm pathogens linger in the qi aspect, on the basis of clearing warmth, he emphasizes aiding stomach fluid to promote shivering and sweating for resolution. He also proposed: "Retaining a portion of body fluids means retaining a portion of vitality." This is a valuable experience in the treatment of warm diseases, and he pointed out: when warm pathogens first enter the nutrient aspect, it is still possible to disperse heat and transform qi; when warm pathogens invade the blood aspect, it is necessary to cool and disperse the blood...
All these have significant academic and clinical guiding value for later physicians in diagnosing and treating warm diseases. There are many editions of Wenre Lun, with the 9th year of Daoguang (1829) edition considered a fine version.