This book, consisting of two volumes, was written by Wang Qing-ren and published in the tenth year of Daoguang (1830). It is the result of his 42 years of painstaking efforts in visiting and verifying the zang-fu organs, and it is also a work of significant innovative importance in the field of anatomy in Chinese medicine.

Approximately one-third of the book is devoted to anatomical content. Based on his own observations, he identified the internal organs of the chest and abdomen, compared them with ancient anatomical descriptions, and drew thirteen anatomical diagrams that he believed to be correct in order to correct errors. From the perspective of general anatomical morphology and the description of adjacent relationships, Wang Qing-ren's corrections are very accurate. He discovered the common carotid stirred pulse, the main stirred pulse, the abdominal veins, and the distinction between arteries and veins throughout the body. He described the morphology and adjacent relationships of the greater omentum, lesser omentum, pancreas, pancreatic duct, common bile duct, hepatic duct, epiglottis, liver, gallbladder, stomach, intestines, kidneys, bladder, etc. These are highly innovative and progressive. However, from the perspective of modern medicine, his naming and functional explanations of many organs are incorrect. For example, he referred to the main stirred pulse as the "qi main duct" and "sweat pore," believing that there was no blood but only qi inside the stirred pulse. He called the main vein the "nourishing main duct," believing that it supplied blood and nutrients to the entire body.

It is the new interpretation of physiological functions and anatomy that enabled Wang Qing-ren to make new contributions to the theory and clinical practice of promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis. More than half of the book is dedicated to this purpose. The formulas he created, such as Orifice-Opening Blood-Activating Decoction, Blood House Stasis-Expelling Decoction, Infradiaphragmatic Stasis-Expelling Decoction, Yang-Tonifying Five-Returning Decoction, and Lesser Abdomen Stasis-Expelling Decoction, are used to treat more than fifty types of stasis syndromes, hemiplegia, paralysis, arthralgia, and difficult delivery. These formulas truly break new ground and often achieve remarkable clinical effects. The establishment of the theory of promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis in Chinese medicine owes much to this book. Additionally, the book repeatedly reflects a spirit of innovation and creativity that does not adhere to classical texts or revere antiquity. For example, he rejected the theory of "fetal toxin" as the cause of smallpox and the theory that "the fetus is in the Zigong (EX-CA1) and is nourished by different meridians," believing that "convulsions are not caused by wind" but by qi deficiency and blood stasis. He accepted the new "brain marrow theory" that "spiritual intelligence and memory are not in the heart but in the brain" and further developed it. Yilin Gaicuo embodies the courage of Chinese medicine practitioners to innovate. Its shortcomings are also due to the limitations of the times, as he could not personally perform dissections, leading to a lack of detailed observations and experiments.