bubble_chart Concept

The pattern of wind and heat invading the upper refers to the symptoms and signs caused by the invasion of wind and heat pathogens attacking the head and eyes, affecting the seven orifices, primarily characterized by fever, aversion to cold, headache, dizziness, cough, and other symptoms.

The main clinical manifestations include: severe fever, mild aversion to cold, headache, dizziness, sore throat, thirst, cough; red tongue edges and tip, thin yellow coating, and floating rapid pulse.

The pattern of wind and heat invading the upper is commonly seen in diseases such as "headache," "tinnitus, deafness," "loss of voice," "sinusitis," and "toothache."

This syndrome should be differentiated from the "pattern of common cold due to wind and heat," "pattern of dual exuberance of wind and heat," and "pattern of wind and heat attacking the lung."

bubble_chart Differentiation and Treatment

The pattern of wind and heat invading the upper is caused by the attack of wind-heat on the head and the seven orifices, commonly seen in diseases of the head and seven orifices caused by external contraction of wind-heat.

For example, in headache, symptoms include distending pain in the head as if splitting, acute onset, high fever with slight aversion to cold, red face, thirst, sore throat, cough, turbid nasal discharge, yellow urine, constipation, red tongue texture, thin yellow tongue coating, and floating rapid pulse. This is due to the invasion of wind-heat disturbing the clear orifices, leading to the disorder of qi and blood in the meridians causing headache. Treatment should focus on dispersing wind and clearing heat, promoting orifices and relieving pain, using Mulberry Leaf and Chrysanthemum Decoction (Wenbing Tiaobian) with Chastetree Fruit.

In cases of tinnitus and deafness, symptoms include tinnitus, deafness, accompanied by fever and chills, or no aversion to cold, headache, nasal congestion, thin white or yellow tongue coating; floating rapid pulse. This is caused by the upward attack of wind-heat, disturbing the movement of qi and affecting the seven orifices. Treatment should focus on dispersing wind and clearing heat, assisted by resuscitation, using Lonicera and Forsythia Powder (Wenbing Tiaobian) with modifications.

In cases of loss of voice, symptoms include fever and chills, dry mouth, sudden acute hoarseness or hoarse voice, or inability to speak, accompanied by sore throat, headache, cough, red tongue tip and edges, thin yellow coating, floating rapid pulse. This is due to the external contraction of wind-heat affecting the lung, leading to dysfunction of lung qi. The lung is the door of the voice, the throat is the pathway of qi, and the epiglottis is the window of sound. The upward congestion of wind-heat in the throat causes acute hoarseness. Treatment should focus on dispersing wind-heat, promoting the lung and clearing the voice, using Mulberry Leaf and Chrysanthemum Decoction (Wenbing Tiaobian) with cicada slough and Great Burdock Achene.

In cases of sinusitis, symptoms include turbid or yellow purulent nasal discharge, foul smell, sticky and difficult to expel, nasal congestion, loss of smell, headache, dizziness, or accompanied by high fever with slight aversion to cold, red tongue texture, yellow coating, floating rapid pulse. This is due to the external attack of wind-heat on the surface, leading to the loss of lung's dispersing function. Lung qi connects to the nose, and the upward movement of wind-heat in the lung meridian causes heat toxin to accumulate and steam the nasal orifices. Treatment should focus on dispersing wind, clearing heat and removing toxin, ventilating the lung and relieving stuffy orifices, using Yinqiao Magnolia Decoction (Leng Baizhi's traditional Chinese medicine formula).

In cases of toothache, symptoms include red swollen painful gums, fever or alternating chills and fever, followed by gum erosion, easy bleeding, or constipation, nausea, vomiting, red tongue, yellow coating, floating rapid pulse. This is due to the struggle between yangming heat and wind-heat, with pathogenic heat rushing upward and lodging in the gums. Treatment should focus on dispersing wind and clearing heat, clearing heat and removing toxin, using Lonicera and Forsythia Powder (Wenbing Tiaobian) with raw Gypsum and Saposhnikovia Root.

The disease cause is wind Rebing evil, so it often occurs in spring. Insufficient innate endowment, or improper lifestyle, overstrain, etc., lead to weak defense, making it easy for wind-heat to invade. Wind-heat attacks the head and seven orifices, causing symptoms such as headache, sore throat, thirst, loss of voice, nasal congestion, etc.

At the onset, the disease is in the lung-defense. If the pathogenic heat in the lung-defense is not resolved, the pathogenic factors enter the interior, transmitting to the qi aspect, mainly located in the lung, stomach, and large intestine. Heat congested in the lung can condense fluids into phlegm, causing symptoms such as wheezing, cough, yellow sticky sputum, body heat, thirst, red tongue with yellow greasy coating; heat in the yangming stomach and intestines can manifest as yangming meridian pattern, with high fever, red face, irritability, profuse sweating, thirst for cold drinks, yellow dry coating, floating surging or slippery rapid pulse; or yangming fu-organ pattern, with late afternoon tidal fever, occasional delirious speech, severe constipation or foul-smelling watery diarrhea, abdominal distension and hard pain, yellow dry coating, deep forceful pulse. If the pathogenic qi from the lung-defense transmits to the pericardium, it causes phlegm-heat blocking the pericardium, with symptoms such as unconsciousness, delirious speech, or coma, inflexible tongue, cold limbs, etc. In the late stage [third stage], the disease often manifests as lung-stomach yin deficiency syndrome, caused by pathogenic heat consuming lung-stomach yin fluids, with symptoms such as low fever, dry mouth and thirst, dry cough or slightly sticky sputum, red tongue with little coating, thin rapid pulse.

bubble_chart Differentiation of Similar Patterns

The pattern of common cold due to wind and heat and the pattern of wind and heat invading the upper are both caused by the invasion of wind Rebing pathogens on the body's surface. At the initial stage, the pathogens are mild, and both syndromes manifest as lung-defense syndromes, presenting symptoms such as fever, slight aversion to wind and cold, headache, sore throat, and cough. Clinically, they share many similarities and should be carefully differentiated. The pattern of common cold due to wind and heat is caused by the invasion of wind Rebing pathogens on the body's surface, which stagnate the defense qi and impair its opening and closing functions. Therefore, it primarily manifests as a defense-exterior syndrome with symptoms such as fever, slight aversion to wind and cold, headache, and little or no sweating. It may also be accompanied by sore throat, cough, and other signs of wind-heat disturbing the upper body and lung qi failing to disperse. Since wind-heat is in its initial stage and the pathogens are at the defense-exterior level, the tongue may show redness at the edges and tip with a thin, white, and slightly dry coating. Treatment focuses on releasing the exterior with pungent-cool herbs, while also ventilating the lung and clearing heat. On the other hand, the pattern of wind and heat invading the upper is caused by the invasion of wind Rebing pathogens on the body's surface, which attack the head and the seven orifices. Therefore, it primarily manifests as a syndrome of wind and heat invading the upper, with symptoms such as headache, dizziness, sore throat, loss of voice, turbid nasal discharge, and gingival hemorrhage. Additionally, due to the wind-heat attacking the exterior, it may be accompanied by fever, slight aversion to wind and cold, and other defense-exterior syndrome symptoms. The tongue coating may appear thin and white or thin and yellow. Treatment focuses on dispersing wind and clearing heat. Although the two syndromes share many clinical similarities, they have different primary and secondary manifestations and should be clearly distinguished.

The pattern of dual exuberance of wind and heat and the pattern of wind and heat invading the upper are both caused by wind Rebing pathogens and share many clinical similarities, requiring detailed differentiation. Both syndromes involve the invasion of wind Rebing pathogens into the body, but the pattern of wind and heat invading the upper is caused by wind-heat pathogens attacking the head and the seven orifices, primarily manifesting as headache, dizziness, sore throat, loss of voice, turbid nasal discharge, and gingival hemorrhage. Additionally, due to wind-heat attacking the exterior, it may be accompanied by fever, slight aversion to wind and cold, and other defense-exterior syndrome symptoms. Treatment focuses on dispersing wind and clearing heat. In contrast, the pattern of dual exuberance of wind and heat is caused by wind Rebing pathogens invading the body and accumulating internally. The disease location can be in the nose, throat, or lungs and stomach, indicating a broader and more severe condition compared to the pattern of wind and heat invading the upper. Symptoms include redness, swelling, and pain in the nasal cavity, yellow and sticky nasal discharge, sore throat, cough, and expectoration of yellow and sticky phlegm. It may also be accompanied by systemic symptoms such as fever, aversion to wind, sweating, headache, a thin yellow tongue coating, and a floating and rapid pulse. Treatment focuses on dispersing wind, clearing heat, and removing toxins.

The pattern of wind-heat attacking the lung and the pattern of wind and heat invading the upper are also both caused by wind Rebing pathogens. Both may present with defense-exterior syndrome symptoms such as body heat, slight aversion to wind and cold, cough, mild thirst, redness at the edges and tip of the tongue, and a floating and rapid pulse. These two syndromes are also common in clinical practice, with similar disease causes and clinical manifestations, but their disease mechanisms differ. The pattern of wind-heat attacking the lung are caused by exposure to wind pathogenic heat, with the disease primarily affecting the dysfunction of lung qi. Therefore, the main symptoms are cough and difficulty expectorating phlegm, with less obvious signs of cold or heat. The primary disease location is in the lung, so treatment focuses on releasing the exterior with pungent-cool herbs, ventilating the lung, and relieving cough. In contrast, the pattern of wind and heat invading the upper is caused by wind Rebing pathogens invading the body and disturbing the seven orifices. In addition to symptoms such as cough, it may also present with dizziness, headache, sore throat, loss of voice, turbid nasal discharge, and gingival hemorrhage. The disease is not limited to the lung, and treatment focuses on dispersing wind and clearing heat.

bubble_chart Documentation

"Ancient and Modern Medical Compendium": "When wind-heat attacks upwards, it causes congestion in the head and nose, or external common cold heat, internal heat further obstructs, leading to congestion and loss of smell."