[Variety Source]

This product is the mature fruit of Ligustrum lucidum (Ligustrum lucidum Ait.), an evergreen tree plant of the Oleaceae family. Mainly produced in Zhejiang, Jiangsu, Hunan, Fujian, Sichuan and other places. Harvest the fruits when they are ripe in winter, steam them briefly or blanch them in boiling water, and then dry them. For raw use or wine preparation.

[Character]

Large evergreen shrubs or small trees, more than 10 meters high. The bark is gray to light gray brown, and the branches are smooth and lenticel. The leaves are opposite, the petioles are 1 to 2 cm long, and have grooves on them; the leaves are leathery, ovate to ovate-lanceolate, 5 to 14 cm long, 3.5 to 6 cm wide, the apex is acuminate to acute, and the base is broadly wedge-shaped. , full edge, dark green and shiny above, light green below, densely covered with tiny transparent glands, with obvious main veins.

The flowering period is from June to July. The panicle is terminal, 10 to 15 cm long, 8 to 17 cm in diameter; the total pedicel is about 4 cm long, or none; the bracts are leaf-like, linear-lanceolate, sessile, early-fallen, and the bracts are ovate and triangular; Small pedicels are very short or almost absent; calyx is bell-shaped, about 1.5 mm long, with 4 lobes; corolla tube is about as long as the lobes, with 4 lobes, rectangular-ovate, about 2 mm long, white; stamens 2, inserted on At the throat of the corolla tube, the filaments are thin and extend out of the corolla; the pistil is 1, the ovary is superior, spherical, 2-chambered, the style is cylindrical, and the stigma is shallowly 2-lobed.

The fruiting period is from August to December. Berry-like drupe, oblong, 6 to 12 mm long, green when young and blue-black when ripe. Seeds 1 to 2, oblong. The dried fruit eggs form ellipsoids, some are slightly curved, 5 to 10 mm long and 3 to 4 mm in diameter. The outer skin is blue-black and wrinkled; both ends are blunt and round, and there are fruit handle marks on the bottom. It is firm in texture and light in body. Most of the kernels are single kernels after the transverse surface is broken. If they are double kernels, they are separated by a septum in the middle. The kernel is oval-shaped with pointed ends, purple-black on the outside and grayish-white on the inside. Odorless, sweet and slightly bitter. The ones with large, plump, blue-black color and solid texture are better.

[Property]

bitter and sweet, neutral.

1. Benjing: bitter, neutral.
2. Bielu: sweet, nontoxic.

Act on liver and kidney channels.

1. Bencao Jingshu: act on foot shaoyin channel.
2. Bencao Zaixin: act on liver, lung and kidney channels.

[Efficacy]

Tonify the liver, kidney yin, strengthen the waist and knees, and improve the vision of the black beard.

[Indications]

Liver-kidney Yin deficiency causes blurred vision, decreased vision, premature graying of hair and beard, backache, tinnitus, and yin deficiency with internal heat. It can nourish liver and kidney yin, but the medicinal effect is mild and must be taken slowly.

1. To treat blurred vision, it is often used with Prepared Rehmannia Root yellow, Dodder Seed, Barbary Wolfberry Fruit seed, etc. Used;
2. To treat premature graying of beard and hair, it is often used with Yerba-Detajo Herb, mulberry fruit and the like;
3. To treat yin-deficiency fever, it is often used with Chinese Wolfberry Root-bark, Unprocessed Rehmannia Root 黄 and the like can be used.

[Documentation]

1. Benjing: "Mainly nourishes the middle, calms the five zang-organs, nourishes the spirit, and eliminates all kinds of diseases. Long-term use will make you fat and healthy."
2. Bencao Mengquan: "Black hair and black beard, strong muscles, take more tonifying blood to remove wind."
3. Gangmu: "Strong Yin, strengthen waist and knees, improving vision."
4. Bencao Jingshu: "cooling blood, benefiting blood."
5. Bencao Zheng: "nourishing yin qi, calming yin fire, relieving steaming bone fever, stopping consumptive thirst, And stranguria, metrorrhagia and metrostaxis, bloody stool, hematuria, pudendal sore, hemorrhoid fistula disease pain. It can also clear liver heat, improve vision and stop tears. "
6. Bencao Zaixin: "Nourishing yin is beneficial. Kidney, tonifying qi, soothing the liver. Cure waist and leg pain, stimulate menstruation and blood circulation. "
7. "Guangxi Chinese Materia Medica: "Cure constipation of deficient type in the elderly."
8. Bencao Beiyao: "Benefits the liver and kidneys, calms five zang-organs, strengthens waist and knees, improves ears and eyes, blackens beard and hair, replenishes wind deficiency, and eliminates all diseases."

[Usage and Dosage]

Oral administration: decoction, 1.5 to 3 yuan; make ointment or take pill. External use: boil the ointment and apply it on the eyes.

[Precaution]

People with deficiency-cold of spleen and stomach diarrhea and yang deficiency should not take it.

1. Bencao Jingshu: When combined with spleen and stomach-protecting medicine and red pepper and warm medicine, there is a risk of abdominal pain and diarrhea.

[Processing and Storage]

glossy privet fruit: remove impurities, wash and dry.

Wine glossy privet fruit: Clean the glossy privet fruit, add rice wine and mix well, put it in a jar or suitable container, seal it, place it in a pot of water, simmer it until the wine is absorbed, take it out, and dry it (each glossy privet fruit 100 kilograms, use 20 kilograms of rice wine).

1. Depei Bencao: "Wash off the skin of glossy privet fruit, steam with wine, and dry in the sun. You can also stir-fry with light salt water."

[Modern Pharmacology]

Contains glossy privet fruit glycoside (nuzhenide), oleuropein, oleanolic acid, 4-hydroxy-B-phenylethyl-B-D-glucoside, betulin, etc.

1. It has the effect of enhancing immune function, increasing peripheral leukocytes, enhancing the phagocytosis ability of the reticuloendothelial system, and enhancing cellular immunity and humoral immunity; it has the effect of increasing leukopenia caused by chemotherapy or radiotherapy;
2. It has cardiotonic, diuretic and hepatoprotective effects;
3. and has antitussive, laxative, antibacterial, anti-cancer and other effects.

[Selection of Prescriptions]

1. To strengthen the waist and knees, strengthen the muscles and bones, strengthen the yin and kidneys, and black hair: glossy privet fruit (the Winter Solstice (22nd solar term)) Daily harvest: no matter how much, dry in the shade, steam with honey wine, leave it overnight, coarse Wipe off the skin in a bag, dry in the sun to make powder, store in an earthen bottle, or boil it dry first, mix with Eclipta ointment), Yerbadetajo Herb (the Summer Solstice (10th solar term), pick it daily, no matter how much), pound the juice and boil the ointment , and the prodrug into a pill, take it while lying down with wine. (Yifang Jijie Two-Solstice Pill)
2. Treatment of neurasthenia: glossy privet fruit, yerbadetajo herb, mulberry fruit seeds cost 5 cents to 1 tael each. Decocted with water. Or two pounds of glossy privet fruit, soaked in two pounds of rice wine, and take it in an appropriate amount every day. ("Commonly Used Herbal Medicines in Zhejiang Folk Medicine")
3. To treat wind-heat and red eyes: use no amount of glossy privet fruit, pound the juice and make an ointment, seal it in a clean bottle, bury it in the ground for seven days, and apply some eye drops every time. ("Jijixianfang")
4. To treat optic neuritis: glossy privet fruit, feather cockscomb seed, feather cockscomb seed, one or two each. Decocted with water. ("Commonly Used Folk Herbal Medicines in Zhejiang")
5. To treat scrofula, subcutaneous node, tidal fever, etc.: glossy privet fruit three cents, Chinese Wolfberry Root-bark two cents, Sweet Wormwood one cent and five cents, Prunella two cents and five cents, decocted with water, take three times a day. ("Modern Practical Chinese Materia Medica")
6. Treatment of dryness-heat in the kidneys, stranguria, drowning pain, weakness in the waist and feet, and long-term lower consumptive thirst: glossy privet fruit 4 qian, Unprocessed Rehmannia Root 6 qian, Tortoise Carapace 6 qian , Chinese Angelica, Poria, Dendrobium, mongolian snakegourd root, Hypoglaucous Yam, Achyranthes Root, Plantain Seed cost two coins each, and three mussels. Decocted with water. ("Yi Chu Sheng Yi" Ligustrum Decoction)
7. Kidney enriching yin. Take glossy privet fruit, remove stems and leaves, soak in wine for a day and night, wipe off the skin, dry in the sun, grind into powder, when the Yerbadetajo Herb comes out, collect several stones, pound the juice and thicken, mix into powder to make balls, such as Wuzi big. Take a hundred pills every night and give him some wine. After more than ten days, his physical strength increased and the old man no longer got up at night. It can also turn white hair into black, strengthen the waist and knees, and relieve yin and qi. Another recipe: use anus harvested in early winter and dried glossy privet fruit, soak in wine for one day, steam and dry, take one pound or four taels; Yerbadetajo Herb harvested in summer and dried in the shade, take ten taels; mulberry harvested in late spring and dried in the shade Fruit seeds, take twelve taels. Grind the three flavors together into powder, add refined honey to make balls as big as Wuzi. Take seven or eight straight pills each time with light salt soup for eye relief. If the mulberry fruit is picked in May or the eclipta is picked in August, you can directly pound the juice and medicine without adding honey.
8. Wind heat and red eyes. Use unlimited amounts of glossy privet fruit, pound the juice and make an ointment, store it in a clean bottle, bury it in the ground for seven days, and then take it out for eye drops.
9. Sores on the mouth and tongue, and the tongue is swollen and protruding. Take Ligustrum lucidum leaves, pound the juice and soak it in the juice and spit it out.
10. For all eye diseases, mash privet leaves, add mirabilite, mix thoroughly and apply to the eyes.