This product is a mercury compound made from Mercury, chalcanthite and table salt through smelting and sublimation. It mainly contains mercury chloride. Produced in Hubei, Hunan, Hebei, Tianjin, Yunnan and other places. Dissolve chalcanthite and salt in water; then add Mercury, stir to form a paste, add red mud, and knead into a mass. Put dry sand on the pan, place the above-mentioned lump on the sand surface, cover it with a porcelain basin, seal it tightly, and burn it with charcoal for about 10 hours. You can see that there are snowflake-like crystals in the porcelain basin, which is called calomel.

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This product is in the form of snowflake crystals or fine powder, white in color and slightly shiny. When exposed to sunlight for a long time, the color turns to grayish yellow and dark, and when exposed to ammonia, it turns to black. It is slightly light and easily broken into powder when twisted by hand. There is no gas and the taste is bland. This product is highly toxic and should not be tasted orally. The ones that are large, scaly or snowflake-shaped, white in color, shiny and light in quality are the best.

[Property]

Acrid, cold. act on large intestine and small intestine channels. extremely toxic.

dispelling phlegm: dispelling phlegm, dispelling phlegm.

[Indications]

External use: killing worms, attacking poisons, and sores. For scabies, cervical neurodermatitis, sore and ulcer, and eczema, grind the affected area into powder.

Oral administration: dispelling phlegm, eliminating accumulation. It is used for water purification, phlegm and saliva retention of food, swelling of edema, and difficulty in defecation.

[Usage and Dosage]

The usual dosage is 0.1 to 0.28 grams. Take it in pills or capsules. For external use, grind it into fine powder and spread it on the affected area.

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[Processing and Storage]

This product should be stored in a sealed container away from light.

[Modern Pharmacology]

Metallic mercury has poor oral absorption (<0.01%), but it is metabolized and oxidized to Hg²⁺, which is lipophilic and stays in nerve cells and bone marrow. It has a long half-life and accumulates. Using a large dose or for too long can cause mercury poisoning.

1. Acute poisoning leads to acute corrosive gastroenteritis, necrotizing nephropathy, peripheral circulatory failure, metallic and pungent taste in the mouth, redness and swelling of sticky membranes, thirst vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea, mucus or thick bloody stools , oliguria, difficulty breathing, collapse or toxic nephropathy, and even death.
2. Chronic poisoning mainly includes oral lesions, digestive system lesions and neuropsychiatric symptoms. Initially, there is a metallic taste in the mouth, soreness and swelling of the gums, and increased salivation. When the disease is severe, the oral mucosa becomes congested and ulcerated, the gums become swollen, soft and bleeding, teeth fall out, and black mercury lines appear on the gums. The patient suffered from nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite, abdominal pain, and diarrhea. Mentally, there is neurasthenia at first, followed by irritability, restlessness, and insomnia. Some patients have numbness and abnormal sensation (acrodynia) in the extremities of the limbs, and symptoms of polyneuritis. Some develop mercury toxicity tremor. In addition, there are liver and kidney damage and sexual dysfunction.
3. External use of calomel can sometimes cause toxicity and epidermal necrolysis, with diffuse flushing and swelling of the skin all over the body, partial epidermal exfoliation, and blisters of varying sizes visible all over the body.

Rescue methods (the following are the removing toxin methods recommended in general literature, which may not necessarily have been clinically verified):

1. Acute poisoning should be treated with bicarbonate solution as soon as possible, and after gastric lavage Take milk or egg clear, and avoid salt. Avoid using saline for gastric lavage.
2. Remove toxin agent sodium dithiopropanesulfonate (Unithiol) is intramuscularly injected one week after treatment, and then remove toxin agent is used; if necessary, oral administration of D-penicillamine or succiimer metal chelating agent is used to remove mercury one month later.
3. Pay attention to correcting typical edema, electrolyte and acid-base disorders, and actively prevent and treat secondary infectious shock and renal failure.
4. For skin damage, 3~5% sodium thiosulfate solution can be used as a wet compress. Adrenocortical hormone can be used when there is severe dermatitis.
5. Chinese materia medica removing toxin using compound formula Glabrous Greenbrier soup can slowly remove mercury and improve symptoms. Glabrous Greenbrier 30g, Lonicera 30g, Prepared Rehmannia Root 24g, Morinda 5g, Cornus 5g, Danbark 5g, Carthamus 5g, Peach Kernel 10g, Alisma 10g, cluster mallow fruit 30g, Bupleurum 10g, Liquorice Root 15g decocted with water.