[Variety Source]

It is the mature seed of cochinchina momordica seed, a plant of the bottle gourd peel family. Grows on hillsides, forest edges, and in places with deep soil. Pick the fruits when they are mature from September to November, cut them open, dry them in the sun, and peel the seeds; or put them in a pot, smash the peels when they are almost rotten, wash them with clean water, and remove the flesh and outside. membrane, take out the seeds and dry them in the sun or oven. Distributed in Guangxi, Sichuan, Hubei, Henan, Anhui, Zhejiang, Fujian, Guangdong, Guizhou, Yunnan and other places. There is also cultivation.

The root of this plant (Terupa root) is also used for medicinal purposes.

[Character]

Perennial herbaceous vine with enlarged, tuberous roots. The stem has longitudinal ribs; the tendrils are thick, opposite to the leaves, single and unbranched. The leaves are alternate, round to broadly ovate, 7 to 14 cm long, usually with 3 shallow or deep lobes, the lobes are slightly ovate or long ovate, entire or slightly toothed, the base is nearly heart-shaped, and the apex is acute. The upper surface is smooth, the lower surface is densely covered with small papillae, and there are 3 palm-like reticular veins; the petiole is 5 to 10 cm long, has longitudinal ribs, and has 2 to 5 glands in the middle or near the blade.

The flowering period is from June to August. Flowers unisexual, monoecious, solitary leaf axil, pedicel slender, each flower has 1 large bract, yellow-green; male flowers: 5 sepals, leathery, rough, ovate-lanceolate, united at the base, 5 petals , light yellow, united at the base, 5 stamens, united into 3 bodies; female flowers: sepals linear-lanceolate, corolla similar to male flowers, ovary inferior. The gourd fruit is oval, red when mature, fleshy, and covered with soft spines.

The fruiting period is from September to November. The seeds are slightly flat disk-shaped, slightly raised in the middle, about 2 to 3 cm in diameter and about 5 mm thick. The surface is gray-brown or gray-black, rough, with a depressed mesh pattern, and there are dozens of relative jagged protrusions on both sides of the periphery. The outer testa is hard and brittle, and the inner testa is thin and membrane-shaped, with a gray-green surface and a downy appearance. Inside are two large, thick cotyledons, which are yellow-white, rich in oil, have a special greasy smell, and taste bitter. The seeds are better if they are plump, not cracked, heavy, with yellowish-white inner kernels and not oily.

[Property]

bitter and slightly sweet, warm, toxic.

1. Kaibao Bencao: sweet, warm, nontoxic.
2. Gangmu: bitter and slightly sweet, slightly toxic.

act on liver, spleen and stomach channels.

1. Depei Bencao: act on hand yangming channel.
2. Bencao Zaixin: act on spleen and kidney channels.
3. " summary of materia medica": act on foot jueyin channel.

[Efficacy]

subduing swelling and dissipating bind, detoxification.

[Indications]

Treat carbuncles, boil and sores, scrofula, hemorrhoids, innominate swelling pain, tinea sores, wind-dampness arthralgia, muscle spasm.

1. Rihuazi Bencao: Vinegar rubs to eliminate swelling and poison.
2. Kaibao Bencao: Mainly used for fracture, swelling and malignant sores, muscle growth, lumbago relief, acne removal, acute mastitis in women, and anal swelling and pain.
3. Gangmu: Treats infantile malnutrition with accumulated stuffiness, large intestine, diarrhea, hemorrhoids and scrofula.
4. Bencao Beiyao: It relieves heat and can be used externally to treat sores. Benefit large intestine, treat diarrhea, infantile malnutrition with accumulation, scrofula, hemorrhoids, acute mastitis, mussel poison. Reduce swelling and eliminate toxins, promote muscle growth and remove inflammation.
5. Bencao Qiuyuan: Cure all cold-dampness caused by stagnation of heat, pain wind paralysis, migratory impediment, pruritus, athlete's foot, contracture, and sprained knees.

[Usage and Dosage]

External use: Grind into powder for application, grind into juice and apply on it, or decoct into water for fumigation and washing. Oral administration: take more into pills or powder; decoction, 2 to 4 minutes.

[Precaution]

Pregnant women and those with physical weakness should not take it.

1. Bencao Huiyan: "Those with stomach deficiency, large intestine, or Yuanzhen loss are not allowed to invest."
2. Yilin Zuanyao Tanyuan: " Avoid pork."

[Processing and Storage]

Remove impurities, wash and dry in the sun. When used, break the shells into pieces or remove the shells and extract the kernels.

[Modern Pharmacology]

Contains momordic acid, gypsogenin, oleanolic acid, α-elaeostearic acid, amino acids, and sterols.

[Modern Application]

It has certain effects in the external treatment of oxhide lichen (neurodermatitis), psoriasis, baldness, etc. Usage: Remove the shell of cochinchina momordica seed, dip it in vinegar, grind it on coarse porcelain (such as the bottom of a bowl) to get the concoction, and dip it with cotton or a brush before going to bed Apply to the affected area once a day or every other day. Before applying the medicine, wash the affected area with salt water; those with ringworm spreads and spread all over the body can be treated in stages and in sections. Generally, 1 qian of cochinchina momordica seed kernels need about 10 ml of vinegar to grind, and the juice can be applied to 5 to 7 places on a 3×2 cm ringworm surface.

[Selection of Prescriptions]

1. To treat all kinds of poisons, redness, swelling, redness and dizziness: 2 liang of cochinchina momordica seed (shelled), half a liang of kusnezoff monkshood root, 4 liang of small powder, 2 liang of Pineilia. Put the above four flavors into an iron pot, slow fire stir-frying to brown, grind it finely, mix it with fresh water, and apply it once a day, from the outside to the inside, leaving the sore top to release the poisonous gas. (Yizong jinjian Oolong paste)
2. Treatment of sore and ulcer, boil and sore, scrofula, chronic shank ulcer, and children's toadstool: five cochinchina momordica seeds (shelled), Four taels of white tender rosin (picked clean), one qian of patina and fine grinding, two qian each of frankincense and myrrh, seven qian of castor beans (shelled), five pods of Croton Fruit meat, one qian of Bitter Apricot Seed (peeled). Combine the upper eight flavors into one place, pound more than 3,000 pieces in a stone mortar, and it will become a paste; pick it up and soak it in cold water. When used, according to the size of the sore, rub it into thin slices with your hands, stick it on the sore, and cover it with silk. (Yizong jinjian Divine Effect Qianchu Ointment)
3. To treat swelling, heat and pain in both ears: cochinchina momordica seed, one liang (grind into paste), Rice Bean, the last half liang, Sichuan Rhubarb Rhizoma, the last half liang . Grind the medicine together until evenly mixed, mix with water and raw oil, and apply it. ( Shenghui Fang )
4. To treat scrofula, pus and blood stranguria: two wood turtle kernels, wipe away the oil with thick paper, grind them into pieces, mix them with black egg, and hold them in a magnetic cup , steam and heat in the steamer. Take it once a day after meals for half a month. (Renzhai Zhizhi Fang Wood Turtle Ointment)
5. To treat hemorrhoids: Schizonepeta, cochinchina momordica seed, and mirabilite are divided into equal parts. Decoct the soup, put it into a bottle, smoke it, and wash it with warm soup. ( Puji Fang )
6. Treatment of red tumors in children: Peel the new cochinchina momordica seed, grind it into mud, mix it with light vinegar and apply it three to five times a day. (Waike Jingyi)
7. Treatment of trichiasis, wind-heat sore (pityriasis rosea), and rot: Beat cochinchina momordica seed kernels to rot, and use silk bags to make strips. The left nose is blocked and the right nose is clogged. If the left nose is blocked, it is better to take Cicada Slough medicine first. ("Sun Tianren Jixiao Prescription")
8. To treat severe vaginal hernia pain: Grind cochinchina momordica seed with vinegar, add cork bark and hibiscus powder and apply it. ("Shouyu Shenfang")
9. To treat beriberi, swollen and painful kidneys, and treat lower sores and itches: half a liang of Gansui Root, four cochinchina momordica seeds. For the end, take a pork kidney, peel the membrane, slice it, add four qian of the same medicine, mix it in, simmer it in a wet paper bag, eat it empty, and add rice. After taking it, stretch your legs, and after having a bowel movement, eat white porridge for two or three days. ( Benshi Fang )
10. To treat athlete's foot: Cochinchina momordica seed kernels, bran-fry both sides of each, slice into pieces and fry again, remove all the oil, add half a ounce of thick cinnamon for every two. At the end of the day, drink two qian of hot wine, which will make you drunk and sweating. ( Yonglei Qianfang )
11. To treat stuffiness and ringworm: Wood turtle is multi-purpose (shelled), garlic alone is half a penny, and realgar is half a penny. Make a paste with a pestle, add a little vinegar, and apply wax paper to the affected area. ("Xi Ji Fang" Wood Turtle Paste)
12. To treat malaria with splenomegaly: Cochinchina momordica seed, Pangolin Scales (cannon) divided into equal parts. At the end of the day, take three qian each time, drink it with warm wine. ("Medical Prescription Summary")
13. To treat meridians affected by wind-cold pathogenic qi, tendons and veins involved, skin pain, agglomeration and nucleation, spasmodic paralysis: one or two cochinchina momordica seeds (peeled, file as big as a small bean, use clear oil 2 taels, soak overnight, then slow fire and cook until half way, take out cochinchina momordica seed, add 1 penny of yellow vinegar, stir well, wait until vinegar turns to degree, filter with silk to remove the sediment), 1 penny of frankincense (don't grind it finely, When the cochinchina momordica seed oil and wax are about to solidify, quickly pour it into the oil and stir evenly). Use a porcelain device to collect it. Use a small amount at a time to rub the painful and hard areas on the muscles and skin. If you don't stop, use extreme heat as the temperature. (Bai Yi Xuanfang cochinchina momordica seed ointment)
14. Treatment of beating injury, static blood and lingering pain: half a liang of cochinchina momordica seed (remove the shell and grind), three ounces of cinnamon (remove the rough skin), yun Taizi (wine soaked and grinded) 2 pieces, Clove 50 capsules. Add the four flavors, make clove and cinnamon into powder, grind the two flavors and mix well, then use ginger juice to cook rice porridge, spread it on paper, mix the amount of powdered medicine into the porridge, wrap it up according to the cold and heat, change it every day . (Shengji Zonglu Wood Turtle Wrap Recipe)
15. To treat malnutrition in children: Cochinchina momordica seed kernels and Quisqualis Fruit kernels are divided into equal parts. Mash the india mustard seed into mud and drink it as a pill. Take 5 minutes each time. Drink the rice and take it twice a day. ("Sun Tianren Collection of Prescriptions")
16. To treat infantile malnutrition and blindness: cochinchina momordica seed costs two qian, Neopicrorhiza one qian. For the powder, rice flour and water paste longan-sized pills are put into eggs, steamed, and eaten with the eggs. ("Sun Tianren Jixiao Prescription")
17. To treat chronic dysentery and prolapse of rectum in children: Aquilaria two qian, Submature Bitter Orange half a liang (bran stir-fried to remove the pulp), Trogopterus Dung half a liang (lightly stir-fried), cochinchina momordica seed (Weighing with shell) half a pound (for shelling). The first three flavors are made into fine powder, then the wood turtle is added and ground into fine powder, and the batter is boiled in vinegar to make balls, as big as millet. Three-year-old children take 30 pills each time, mixed with vinegar and tea before feeding. ("Yang's Family Prescription" cochinchina momordica seed pills)