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Sharpleaf galangal fruit as used today is the dry and mature fruit of sharpleaf galangal fruit Alpinia oxyphylla Miq. of the Zingiberaceae plant. It is mainly produced in Tunchang, Chengmai, Danzhou, Baoting, Qiongzhong, Baisha, Sanya, Lingshui and other places in Hainan, Guangdong Xinyi, Yangjiang, Lingshan and Hengxian in Guangxi, Nan'an and Zhangzhou in Fujian, and Xishuangbanna in Yunnan are also produced.

materia medica Research believes that the varieties of medicinal sharpleaf galangal fruit have not changed from ancient to modern times, they are all Alpinia oxyphylla, and those from Guangdong and Hainan have always been the best.

【Variety Review】

I don’t understand why Fruit of Sharpleaf Calangal got its name. Bencao Gangmu quoted "Zhizhi Fang" as saying: "The heart is the mother of the spleen. Eating food is not just about harmonizing the spleen. Fire can generate earth. It should be used Heart medicine goes into spleen and stomach medicine, and common people can get along with each other. Therefore, the ancients often used sharpleaf galangal fruit in food medicine, and the soil can benefit fire." Therefore, Li Shi-zhen explained: "The spleen governs wisdom, and this food can benefit the spleen and stomach, so it is also related to Longan’s name is Sharpleaf Galangal Fruit, which has the same meaning.” This statement is rather condescending. "Tongzhi" quoted Su Shi's record as saying: "The sharpleaf galangal fruit is produced in Hainan. The flowers are all long and divided into three sections. Whether they are ripe or not depends on whether they are ripe or not. The lower section is used to prepare for early crops, and the upper section is used to prepare for early crops. The same is true in the middle. It is true to have a great harvest, but it is not true to have an unlucky year. It is rare for the three joints to be cooked at the same time. It is a medicine, and its treatment is beneficial to wisdom. How can it be called this name to know the evil of the year. " (The last sentence "Guang") "Qunfang Pu" quoted "Dongpo Miscellaneous Notes" as "It is a medicine to treat qi and stop water, but it does not benefit wisdom. Wisdom does not ask for medicine, and the person who gets this name cannot know how old he is." The meaning is long) This Especially for drilling, it may not be inevitable.

According to longan, it is also called sharpleaf galangal fruit, "Guangya﹒" "Shimu" says: "Sharpleaf galangal fruit, also longan." "Wu Pu Materia Medica" is the same. Guimu is also called sharpleaf galangal fruit. "Taiping Yulan" quoted "Guangzhou Ji" as saying: "Guimu, sharpleaf galangal fruit, cannot be eaten straight, but can be made into pulp." Sharpleaf galangal fruit, longan, and Guimu are all tropical fruits. The fruits of plants all originate from the barbaric lands of the Barbarians. According to the ancient pronunciation of "Yi" and "Zhi", they are in the same branch, and they are overlapping rhymes. (Details in "Guang Ya Shu Zheng" sharpleaf galangal fruit Longan Tiao Wang Niansun said) " The name "sharpleaf galangal fruit" may be derived from the local dialect. Those who hear it remember its voice, but it may not have anything to do with increasing sharpleaf galangal fruit wisdom.

sharpleaf galangal fruit is a southern plant. Since the Wei and Jin Dynasties, there have been many records of various foreign objects and topographies in Lingnan. The sharpleaf galangal fruit article is cited in Volume 10 of "Qimin Yaoshu", "Fruits, fruits and cabbages are not native to China." Four kinds of documents were recorded, "Guangzhi" says: "sharpleaf galangal fruit, leaves like lotus, more than ten feet long, there are small branches on the root, eight or nine inches high, no calyx, its seeds are clustered, as big as jujube, fleshy petals Black, with white skin. Those with small cores are called sharpleaf galangal fruits, which contain saliva. If they have longevity, they will also give birth to Jiaozhi. ""Southern Grass Materials" says: "Sharpleaf galangal fruits, the seeds are like pen hair, seven or eight years long. Minutes. Flowers are still firm in color in February, ripe in May and June. Flavor is pungent, mixed Wuwei, fragrant. It can also be exposed to salt." "Foreign Object Chronicles" says: "sharpleaf galangal fruit, similar to coix. "Sharpleaf galangal fruit, about an inch long, like raisin tree seed. It has a pungent taste and fluid retention. It is good for drinking and eating." "Guangzhou Chronicles" says: "Sharpleaf galangal fruit, leaves like lotus, stems like bamboo arrows. The seeds come out of the heart, one with a 10 seeds. The inside of the seeds is white and slippery, break it into four pieces, take the outer skin, boil it with honey and make it into grits, which tastes pungent."

The sharpleaf galangal fruits in the above documents are all Alpinia oxyphylla. There is no doubt about this. Among them, "Guangzhi" mentions "Hanzhi Giesiaoyan", which is the origin of later generations using this substance as a convergence and fixation product.

sharpleaf galangal fruit was officially included in materia medica as a drug starting from Bencao Shiyi, and previously Bencao Jing Jizhu and Xinxiu Bencao have been Mentioning this product, Chen Cang-qi called it "anti-vomiting hiccup". "Kaibao" added the following effect: "sharpleaf galangal fruit, pungent and warm in taste, non-toxic. Mainly used for seminal emission, fistula disease, and residual urine." replenishing Qi and tranquilizing spirit, replenish deficiencies, install triple energizer, regulate all qi. For those who urinate frequently at night, take 24 pieces of crushed pieces, add salt and fry together, there will be a strange effect after taking it."

To sum up, the original plant of Fruit of Sharpleaf Calangal has not changed from ancient to modern times. What needs a little explanation is the medicinal picture of sharpleaf galangal fruit in materia medica. Bencao Tujing described: "The leaves are like lotus, more than ten feet long, with small branches growing near the roots, seven or eight inches high, leafless, and the calyx is a spike growing on it, as big as a jujube, with white skin. , the middle kernel is black, the finer kernel is better." Zhenglei Bencao drew a medicinal diagram of "Leizhou sharpleaf galangal fruit" (Figure 1). The drawing is more accurate, and it can be definitely confirmed as Alpinia oxyphylla, followed by Bencao Pinhui Jingyao and Bencao Mengquan all imitated this picture, while Bencao Gangmu mistakenly changed the parallel veins of the original picture into pinnate veins (Figure 2 ) Then Zhiwu Mingshi Tukao seems to be imitating Gangmu but is slightly more refined, and the pinnate vein characteristics are more obvious, (Figure 3) From this we know that neither Li Shi-zhen nor Wu Qijun As for the sharpleaf galangal fruit, "Tu Kao" says that "it is also found in Mount Lu today" (this statement should be based on "Lushan Ji"), which is not credible.

【Authentic History】 Kaibao Bencao said sharpleaf galangal fruit "Yunsheng Kunlun (BL60) in "The Classic of Mountains and Seas". According to the "Book of Mountains and Seas" there is no such article, so it may be a mistake. Judging from the previously cited literature, sharpaf galangal fruit has mainly been produced in Guangdong, Guangdong, Vietnam and other places since the Wei and Jin Dynasties. Su Song said that "there are often some in the Lingnan prefectures today". According to "Taiping Huanyu Ji", the states producing sharpaf galangal fruit were all in Lingnan in the Tang Dynasty. There are Gaozhou, Yulinzhou, Huazhou, Leizhou, Qiongzhou and Jiaozhou. Among them, the Huazhou article specifically says: "There are many sharp galangal fruits in Lianshui Wuchuan." In addition, Zhenglei Bencao drawing Sharpleaf galangal fruit in Leizhou, Su Shi was exiled to Danzhou, and there are written records of this thing, so we know that sharpleaf galangal fruit has always been produced in Guangdong and Hainan.

In the 29th year of the Republic of China (1940), the "Medicinal Materials Regulations" of the Shaanxi Xijing City (Xi'an City) Sinopharm Commercial Trade Association stated: "Fruit of Sharpleaf Calangal is exported to Guangdong, Guangdong, Fujian and Annan and other places." And Hainan sharpleaf galangal fruit is especially said to be superior, and "Medicine" "Production Analysis" says: "Sharpleaf galangal fruit produces Qiongya Thirteen Genes, with Lingshui being the best, and new ones appear in May and June." (At that time, the whole island of Hainan was divided into 13 counties, so it was called Qiongya Thirteen Genes.)