title | Radix Pseudostellariae |
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source | Yukezhai |
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The heterophylly falsestarwort root used today is the dried root tuber of Pseudostellaria heterophylla (Miq.) Pax ex Pax et Hoffm., a plant of the Caryophyllaceae family. Medicinal heterophylly falsestarwort root is a cultivated product, mainly produced in Jiangning, Jiangpu, Nanjing, Fujian, Anhui, Shandong and other provinces in Jiangsu.
materia medica research believes that: heterophylly falsestarwort root or baby's ginseng originally refers to the small ginseng root of Araliaceae. The caryophyllaceae plant ginseng used today may have been just a fake of ginseng root at first, but due to its clear curative effect, it is gradually getting rid of it. It has become an independent variety due to its status as a fake. From the perspective of its origin, Jiangsu is the original cultivation place of heterophylly falsestarwort root.
The name of heterophylly falsestarwort root first appeared in Bencao Congxin. Under the ginseng root section of the book, heterophylly falsestarwort root is listed with ginseng and ginseng. Wu Yi-luo cloud : "Heterophylly falsestarwort root, powerful tonification of primordial qi, although it is as thin as a ginseng strip, short, tight and solid, with reed patterns, it is not as powerful as a large ginseng. Bencao Congxin What is the so-called heterophylly falsestarwort root? Different schools have different opinions on the species. Comprehensive Dictionary of Chinese Medicine believes: "According to Bencao Congxin, Gangmu Supplements", Yinpian Xincan and other books, "heterophylly falsestarwort root originally refers to the smaller ginseng root of the Araliaceae plant." The "Xinhua Materia Medica Compendium" states that "Bencao Congxin's description is simple and it is difficult to determine whether it is What species."
As for Bencao Gangmu Shiyi's so-called heterophyly falsestarwort root, it is undoubtedly Araliaceae ginseng root Panax ginseng C.A.Mey. "Supplements" quotes "Baicaojing" as saying: "The heterophylly falsestarwort root is the small form of Liao ginseng. It is not a different species. The Suzhou ginseng shop picked out the short ginseng from the ginseng package and named it to sell to customers." Zhao Xue-min It is said to have a "sweet and bitter taste and the same effect as Liao ginseng." It is also quoted from Zhang Zhai as saying: "The one called heterophylly falsestarwort root refers to the whole branch of the ginseng but it is small. It is a name cleverly chosen by ginseng customers." In other words, Zhao Xue said: -min believes that heterophylly falsestarwort root is the twig ginseng root.Until the Republic of China, the heterophyllly falsestarwort root referred to in materia medica literature still mostly referred to the ginseng root of the family Araliaceae. For example, Cao Bingzhang's "Updated Weiyao Tiaobian" says: "More recently, people call white ginseng and Yishan ginseng , heterophylly falsestarwort root, all of the same kind." According to a survey by Mr. Xie Zongwan: "After liberation, the small ones of ginseng root sold in pharmacies in Hangzhou, Zhejiang are indeed heterophylly falsestarwort root." The literature clearly records that the Caryophyllaceae plant Pseudostellaria heterophylla (Miq.) Pax ex Pax et Hoffm. is the source of authentic heterophylly falsestarwort root, which happened after liberation.
However, the history of medicinal use of heterophylly falsestarwort root in Caryophyllaceae seems to be traceable back to the Qing Dynasty. Our speculation is based on the following reasons: (1) The discussion on heterophylly falsestarwort root cited in the previous quote Bencao Congxin , although there are only a few words, but the look can also be seen. The medicinal characteristics of heterophylly falsestarwort root described by Wu Yi-luo are obviously different from those of Zhao Xue-min and Wu Yun: "as thin as ginseng strips with reed patterns". This means that the medicinal materials are small and unbranched, and have reed heads. According to this, we know that the heterophyly false starwort root mentioned by Wu is by no means a thin branch of the ginseng root (neither ginseng root nor ginseng root has reed heads), nor is it a single branch. The small ginseng root (the annual ginseng root's rhizome, its efficacy will never be as Wu said: "It is not as powerful as the big ginseng", and the medicinal materials will not be "short, tight and solid"), but should be a different species. According to the characteristics of the medicinal materials described by Wu Yi-luo, they are quite consistent with the heterophylly falsestarwort root medicinal materials of the Caryophyllaceae family used today.
(2) Bencao Zaixin written under the name Ye Gui records the efficacy of heterophylly falsestarwort root: "Cure qi deficiency dryness of the lungs, replenish spleen soil, eliminate edema, resolving phlegm and quench thirst." The effect of "eliminating edema and resolving phlegm" is obviously different from that of Araliaceae ginseng root, and is similar to that of Caryophyllaceae heterophylly falsestarwort root for spleen qi deficiency, stomach yin deficiency, tiredness due to lack of food, and qi deficiency lung deficiency dry cough. Close, therefore, from the perspective of efficacy, the so-called heterophylly falsestarwort root of Bencao Zaixin may also be a plant of the Caryophyllaceae family.
(3) As mentioned above, in most materia medica literature, heterophylly falsestarwort root is one of the commercial specifications of ginseng root medicinal materials, especially ginseng root. Its name is taken by drug dealers in Jiangsu and Zhejiang and is not its origin. The name used, for example, Zhao Xuekai's "Baicaojing" says: "Heterophylly falsestarwort root is the short one picked out by Suzhou Ginseng Bank from the ginseng package and sold to customers." What is particularly noteworthy is that since the Qing Dynasty, whenever heterophylly falsestarwort is mentioned, The author of the materia medica document with the name of the root medicine is someone from Jiangsu and Zhejiang, such as Wu Yi-luo from Haiyan, Zhejiang, Ye Gui from Wuxian, Jiangsu, brothers Zhao Xue-min and Zhao Xuekai from Qiantang, Zhejiang, Ling Huan from Wuxing, Zhejiang, and Cao Bingzhang from Yinxian, Zhejiang. Wang Yiren, the author of Yinpian Xincan, is from Xin'an, Zhejiang. This is by no means a coincidence, and Jiangsu and Zhejiang are the major producers of heterophylly falsestarwort root of the Caryophyllaceae family, and Suzhou is the production center of counterfeit ginseng root products. For example, Zhao Xue-min said: "The price of ginseng root is becoming increasingly expensive, and all kinds of counterfeit products are out there. People are also searching for strange things in the poor rocks and desolate ravines, looking for similar grass roots to mix with... Pearl ginseng, I don’t know what root it is made of. As for the red Tangshen, it is made of carrot grass, and the white Tangshen has not been tested, so these are all Su It is made by those who are curious about the local area, used by curious doctors, and confused by those who use it." Gangmu Supplements" Although it does not explicitly say that heterophylly falsestarwort root is also forged, it does not rule out that Su Di's medicine shop used it. Caryophyllaceae heterophylly falsestarwort root It is possible to make huge profits under the name "Liao Ginseng".
Mr. Xie Zongwan has an incisive discussion on the issue of emerging varieties of Chinese materia medica in the first volume of "Discussion of Chinese materia medica". The following is reproduced below, which should help us understand the evolution of heterophylly falsestarwort root varieties. Thank you Mr. Yun said: "When the emerging varieties of Chinese materia medica first appeared, they were probably new varieties in the name of traditional authentic medicinal materials. However, after research and a period of clinical practice tests, it is believed that they are indeed equivalent to or superior to Because it is a traditional authentic medicinal material, it is generally accepted and recognized by people. Because its name is closely related to the traditional Chinese materia medica, it has become an emerging variety of Chinese materia medica."
To sum up the discussion above, heterophylly falsestarwort root or boy's ginseng is originally an alias of ginseng root. Initially, the human-like ginseng root was called "boy's ginseng", such as Benjing Fengyuan, Bencao Gangmu etc., starting from the Qing Dynasty, the twig ginseng root was called "heterophylly falsestarwort root" or "child ginseng". However, at that time, drug dealers were driven by profit and used the locally produced heterophylly falsestarwort root of the caryophyllaceae plant. Gen pretends to be ginseng root to deceive the sick, using the pretext of "heterophylly false starwort root". Later, because the plant did have some effects similar to ginseng root, it gradually got rid of its status as a fake and became an independent and emerging Chinese materia medica species.
【Authentic History】
Heterophylly falsestarwort root is a recently emerged medicinal variety with a relatively short history of use and no obvious authentic advantages. Relatively speaking, Jiangsu has a longer cultivation history. According to legend, heterophylly falsestarwort root has a relatively short history of use. falsestarwort root got its name because it grew up in the cemetery of Prince Ming Yiwen (Zhu Biao). The prince's tomb is in Nanjing, which is the Dongling Tomb of the Ming Dynasty. Although this story appeared late, in the feudal era, if there was no special reason, the word "Prince" was used It is generally impossible to name a drug, so it is speculated that Nanjing is indeed the original place of origin of heterophylly falsestarwort root medicinal materials. Of course, there is nothing wrong with GAP planting of this product in other provinces and regions in the south.