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Oriental Waterplantain Rhizome is used today as the dried tuber of Oriental Waterplantain Rhizome Alisma orientalis (Sam.) Juzep. of the Oriental Waterplantain Rhizome family. Oriental Waterplantain Rhizome is mainly produced in Fujian, Sichuan, Jiangxi and other provinces. It is mainly cultivated. It is also produced in Guangdong, Guangxi, Hubei, Hunan and other provinces. The ones produced in Fujian and Sichuan are the authentic ones. They are called Oriental Waterplantain Rhizome and Sichuan. Oriental Waterplantain Rhizome. Jian Oriental Waterplantain Rhizome is mainly produced in Jianyang, Jianou, Pucheng, Shunchang, Tong'an, Longhai, Fuqing, Nan'an and Zhangpu in Fujian; Guangchang, Shicheng and Yudu in Jiangxi; Sichuan Oriental Waterplantain Rhizome is mainly produced in Dujiangyan, Sichuan Meishan, Pengshan, Chongzhou, Qianwei.

materia medica Research believes that the medicinal Oriental Waterplantain Rhizome has been authentic since Bencao Jing, and the Oriental Waterplantain Rhizome family Alisma is the authentic product, illustrated by Bencao Tujing It seems that Alisma orientalis has been the mainstream since the Song Dynasty. From the Six Dynasties to the Ming Dynasty, Oriental Waterplantain Rhizome was mainly produced in the Hanzhong area of ​​Shaanxi Province. After the Ming Dynasty, the real estate area shifted to Sichuan and Fujian. Sichuan was mainly distributed in Chengdu and surrounding areas in western Sichuan, and Fujian was located in Nanping City and its surrounding areas.

[Variety Research]

"The Book of Songs" "Wei Feng" says: "It is said that the leaves are collected from the water chestnut." Mao Zhuan: "The water chestnut is also a water chestnut." "Shuowen" is the same, and Lu Jishu said: "Jinze chestnut is also a leaf, and its leaves are as big as the front of a car, and its taste is also "Similar." But "Erya" says something slightly different, using "荍" as Oriental Waterplantain Rhizome, and "藚" as Himalayan Teasel Root, "荍,讕." Guo Pu annotated "Jin Ze Rui", and Xi Ming Shu : "The name of the root of the root is the root of the herb, the root of the herb." Also "The root of the root is the cow's lip." Guo's note: "Mao's poem says that the water root of the root is like the Himalayan Teasel Root, which has knots every inch and can be recovered after being pulled out. "In various commentaries, the Oriental Waterplantain Rhizome mentioned by Lu Ji is similar to the plant of Oriental Waterplantain Rhizome family, while Guo Pu said that the water rhizome of Himalayan Teasel Root should be a plant of the bottle brush herb type.

Oriental Waterplantain Rhizome Bencao Jing is listed as top grade, but the same medicine has different meanings in the eyes of immortals and writers. Volume 990 of "Taiping Yulan" quotes "Dian Shu" as saying: "Eating Oriental Waterplantain Rhizome is light and can travel five hundred miles a day. Walking on water, you can swim endlessly, to the jade girl and the immortal." Baopuzi Internal Chapter﹒ "Xian Yao" says: "Xuanzhong Man Fang, curly bristlethistle herb, Oriental Waterplantain Rhizome, rehmannia root, Golden Thread, more than 300 kinds of them can all prolong life and can be taken alone." The same is Oriental Waterplantain Rhizome. , Liu Xiang in "Chu Ci" In "Nine Sighs" it is said: "The basket Oriental Waterplantain Rhizome is made of leopards, broken by thorns and built with thorns." Annotators interpret Oriental Waterplantain Rhizome as an evil weed.

It is not surprising that there are different words in the scriptures, but the Oriental Waterplantain Rhizome used as medicine by Bencao Jing can be considered to be basically the same as the variety used today. The scripture says, "It grows in the pond of Runan, and the roots are picked in May, June, and August." This Oriental Waterplantain Rhizome grows by the water, and its roots are used for medicinal purposes. It is also known as "mang taro", which should describe its spherical tuber like taro; the scripture also says It is said that Jiufu "lightens the body, makes the face glow, and can walk on water." This may be related to the blood-lipid-lowering effect of Oriental Waterplantain Rhizome alcohols A, B, C and their derivatives contained in Oriental Waterplantain Rhizome tubers, so it is designated as There should be no problem with Alisma plants.

Bencao Jing Jizhu said: "The shape is large and long, and it is better to have two branches between the tails. This plant is susceptible to rotting beetles, so it must be kept secretly. The leaves are narrow and long, and they grow in clusters in shallow water. According to Tao Hong-jing's description, it belongs to the same category as Oriental Waterplantain Rhizome Alisma canaliculatum A. Braun et Bouche.

Bencao Tujing Description: "Spring seedlings, mostly in shallow water, leaves It looks like bugloss, with a single stem and a long stem. In autumn, it blooms white flowers in clusters, like buerger pipewort flower." "Zheng Lei" contains 3 medicinal pictures of Xingzhou Oriental Waterplantain Rhizome, Qizhou Oriental Waterplantain Rhizome and Oriental Waterplantain Rhizome, among which The two pictures of Oriental Waterplantain Rhizome and Xingzhou Oriental Waterplantain Rhizome can basically be regarded as genuine Alisma orientalis (Picture 1, Picture 2). However, it should also be noted that the tuber of Oriental Waterplantain Rhizome is nearly spherical and densely populated with many fibrous roots. Xingzhou Oriental Waterplantain Rhizome The picture mistakenly depicts rhizomes running horizontally like a solomonseal rhizome, and the diagram of Oriental Waterplantain Rhizome mistakenly depicts multiple tubers like taro. This may be due to the carelessness of branch and root harvesting from various places when drawing the medicinal map, and it is not something else.

In the early Ming DynastyJiuhuang Bencao's description of Oriental Waterplantain Rhizome is much more accurate: "It can be found everywhere by the water today. There are clusters of seedling leaves, and their leaves are like bugloss leaves, with vertical veins and leaves. There is a scapula in the middle of the cluster, the stems are bifurcated, the stems are rippled, and there are three small white flowers blooming in the middle, which are strong and small green and thin." Zhu Xiao specifically mentioned "the veins are vertical", which is actually a reference to the Xingzhou Oriental Waterplantain Rhizome picture. In terms of the mistakenly drawn reticular leaf veins, the attached medicinal diagram is more standard, but "Relief from Famine" only eats its young leaves, so the underground part is not drawn. (Figure 3) Unfortunately, subsequent materia medica works, such as "The Essence of Products" Bencao Mengquan Bencao Gangmu Bencao Huiyan, etc. , none of them personally observed plants like Zhu Xiao, and the Oriental Waterplantain Rhizome painted still continues the errors on tubers and leaf veins in the legend of "Zheng Lei", the only exception is Zhiwu Mingshi Tukao Volume 18, but this The book still does not draw the tuber.

【Evolution of Dao Di】

Bencao Jing Said that "Chize was born in Runan", Tao Hong-jing said: "Nowadays, there are also short roads, but they cannot be used. The only ones are Hanzhong, Nanzheng, "Qingzhou and Daizhou." "Xinxiu" said: "Nowadays, Runan is no longer used, only those in Jingzhou and Huazhou are good." Qianjin Yifang ﹒ The same is stated in "The Medicine Comes Out of the State". Bencao Tujing said: "It is also found in Shandong, He, Shaanxi, Jiang and Huai, and the ones in Hanzhong are better." "Zheng Lei" depicts Xingzhou and Qizhou Oriental Waterplantain Rhizome. Zhiwu Mingshi Tukao Volume 18 quotes Fuzhou Chronicles as saying: "Oriental Waterplantain Rhizome is produced in Linchuan, and its roots are round and white like small garlic."

According to Alisma orientalis, the plant is widely distributed, but relatively speaking, from Tao Hong-jing mentioned that Oriental Waterplantain Rhizome was based on Hanzhong and Nanzheng, and was originally from Shaanxi until the Ming Dynasty. Volume 32 of "Unification of the Ming Dynasty" records that Shaanxi native products include Oriental Waterplantain Rhizome "coming out of Beishui in Yumu County". Yumu County is now referred to as Zhouzhi County. Volume 43 of "Shaanxi Tongzhi" of the Qing Dynasty quoted "Shu Bian": "Born in shallow water in the north of Yuxian County", and also quoted "Huayin County Chronicle" "Oriental Waterplantain Rhizome is poor."

But the origin advantage of Shaanxi Oriental Waterplantain Rhizome It was no longer maintained in the Qing Dynasty. According to the "Medicinal Materials Regulations" of the Shaanxi Xijing City (Xi'an City) Chinese Medicine Commercial Trade Association in the 29th year of the Republic of China (1940), the origin of Oriental Waterplantain Rhizome is "Sichuan, Fujian, Shandong, Henan, Shaanxi and other provinces", according to The order of arrangement, with Sichuan and Fujian first and this province at the end, is quite revealing of the transfer of the Oriental Waterplantain Rhizome real estate area.

Zhengzhi Zhunsheng Volume 93 Oriental Waterplantain Rhizome has mentioned the name of Sichuan Oriental Waterplantain Rhizome, but the history of planting Oriental Waterplantain Rhizome in Sichuan has yet to be studied. The "Chengdu Survey" records in the article "Chengdu's native products and native products of various genera" that Oriental Waterplantain Rhizome was produced in Chongqing Prefecture (now Chongzhou City, Chengdu). As for Fujian Oriental Waterplantain Rhizome, see Volume 11 of "Fujian General Chronicle". The product of Yanping Prefecture (now Nanping City, Fujian Province) is Oriental Waterplantain Rhizome: "Growing in shallow water, the leaves are like ox tongue, single and long stems, and the flowers are white." "Drug Production" "Bian" says: "Jianning Prefecture in Fujian Province is the highest." Jianning is also today's Nanping City. According to the Nanping Oriental Waterplantain Rhizome, it was very famous in the early Qing Dynasty. Volume 18 of Zhu Yizun's "Bao Shu Ting Collection" contains a poem about Yanping Night Stay: "Two pontoons take advantage of the slope of the river, and the residents occupy the white gull sand. The melon pulp and pods are sold to the boats, only I owe Nanxiang Oriental Waterplantain Rhizome flowers." Self-note: "Oriental Waterplantain Rhizome is produced in Jianning, the flowers are available, but I didn't have time to buy them yesterday."