A study by Anhui Medical University indicates that the pharmacological effects of the Chinese medicinal Peony Root are comparable to those of Ginseng, with certain functions surpassing those of Ginseng. Researchers conducted a comparative study of 27 pharmacological effects between these two Chinese medicinals, finding that 17 effects were equivalent, 3 were deficient in Peony Root compared to Ginseng, and 7 were superior in Peony Root. Both Peony Root and Ginseng enhance the production of hemolysin antibodies and delayed hypersensitivity reactions suppressed by cyclophosphamide; they also enhance the phagocytic function of macrophages and the induction of interferon. Additionally, Peony Root enhances the proliferative response of thymocytes experimentally reduced and has a bidirectional regulatory effect on the release of hydrogen peroxide from rat peritoneal macrophages induced by zymosan. In terms of clinical pharmacology, both Peony Root and Ginseng have anti-stress, anti-fatigue, sedative, memory-enhancing, neuroendocrine activity-regulating, anti-radiation, anti-hepatotoxic, and cellular and humoral immune-regulating effects. Ginseng has advantages in regulating cardiovascular function and cellular metabolic processes, while Peony Root has unique effects in analgesia, improving sleep, and treating hepatitis B that Ginseng does not possess.