Fang You-zhi, styled Zhongxing, known as Jiulong Shanren, was a native of She County, Anhui during the Ming Dynasty. Fang You-zhi described himself as naturally dull-witted, "ignorant in Confucianism and afraid of incompetence." Initially, he did not study medicine, but in his middle age, after losing his wife twice to common cold and five of his children to infantile convulsion, he resolved to study medicine, gaining particular insights into the treatment of cold-damage disease. He believed that the "Treatise on Cold-Damage Diseases" was a comprehensive collection of medical knowledge, revered as a masterwork for generations. However, he noted that during the Western Jin Dynasty, Wang Shu-he had rearranged and altered the text, and further changes were made by Cheng Wu-ji of the Jin Dynasty in his annotations. This led to medical practitioners either neglecting the incomplete text or perpetuating the errors introduced by these two scholars, thereby losing the original essence. Therefore, Fang spent over twenty years traveling through regions such as Qi, Lu, Sichuan, and Shaanxi, seeking mentors and friends to explore the true essence of cold-damage disease. In his later years, he returned home, "retired to his fields and closed his gates, comparing the differences among various texts, and revising and correcting discrepancies." After eight years and seven revisions, he completed the "Detailed Analysis of the Treatise on Cold-Damage Diseases" in eight volumes, supplemented by "Excerpts on Materia Medica," "Questions and Answers," and "Treatise on Convulsions," each in one volume.

Fang You-zhi undertook a comprehensive revision and rearrangement of the "Treatise on Cold-Damage Diseases," employing methods of reorganization, deletion, and correction. He divided the passages related to Taiyang disease into the first, second, and third volumes, combined Yangming disease and Shaoyang disease into the fourth volume, and grouped Taiyin disease, Shaoyin disease, and Jueyin disease into the fifth volume. Passages concerning dampness disease, wind-dampness, miscellaneous diseases, cholera, yin-yang transmission, and post-illness fatigue were compiled into the sixth volume. He considered the chapter "Differentiation of Convulsions, Dampness, and Heat Diseases" to be credible and merged parts of the "Pulse Differentiation" and "Normal Pulse" chapters into a single "Pulse Differentiation" chapter, forming the seventh volume. He regarded the chapters on the appropriateness of sweating, vomiting, and purging as Wang Shu-he's own additions and placed them in the eighth volume. The most significant changes were made to the Taiyang (EX-HN5) section. He believed that wind and cold pathogens separately invade the body's nutrient and defense systems. Wind affects the defense system, so he compiled passages related to defense apoplexy into the first volume. Cold-damage affects the nutrient system, so he included passages related to nutrient cold-damage and those prefixed with "cold-damage" in the second volume. He also compiled passages where wind and cold simultaneously invade the nutrient and defense systems into the third volume, thus proposing three types of externally contracted wind-cold diseases. His revision and rearrangement of the "Treatise on Cold-Damage Diseases" brought new insights, enhancing the text's systematic and logical structure, and reflected his extensive practical experience and theoretical understanding of cold-damage disease. Later, Yu Jia-yan strongly advocated for his approach, summarizing it as the "Three Outlines Theory," which gained widespread support. Prominent Qing Dynasty figures such as Zhang Lu, Yu Jia-yan, Wu Yi-luo, Zhou Yang-jun, and Huang Yuan-yu all endorsed his views, forming the renowned "Textual Revision School" within the cold-damage disease doctrine, also known as the "Misarrangement School."