title | Zhengzhi Zhunsheng |
or | Criterion for Pattern Identification and Treatment |
alias | Liuke Zhunsheng, Liuke Zhengzhi Zhunsheng |
This book is also known as Liuke Zhengzhi Zhunsheng or Liuke Zhunsheng, compiled by Wang Ken-tang. After its completion, it has been published in various editions throughout history, including the initial Wanli edition, the Siku Quanshu edition, the Tushu Jicheng edition; the 1957 lead-printed edition by Shanghai Science and Technology Press, and 17 other editions. The 1959 microfilm edition by Shanghai Science and Technology Press includes an index of various disease syndromes. Category prescriptions are also available as separate editions, along with Japanese reprints.
The entire book consists of 44 volumes. Zabing Zhengzhi Zhunsheng volumes 1 to 6 focus on internal medicine Zabing, divided into 12 categories including various internal disorders, injuries, cold and heat, various qi disorders, vomiting and reverse flow, various blood disorders, various pains, wilting impediment, various wind disorders, mental disorders, miscellaneous disorders, and large and small intestines, covering 131 disease syndromes. Volumes 7 to 8 cover the seven orifices, including the five sense organs, throat, hair, bones and muscles, skin, and parasitic worms, totaling 19 disease syndromes. Each category begins with a general discussion, followed by detailed descriptions of each disease syndrome without prescriptions. Each syndrome is further detailed with different symptoms, with precise differentiation and meticulous analysis. Zabing Zhengzhi Category Prescriptions are classified according to Zabing Zhengzhi Zhunsheng.
Cold-damage disease Zhengzhi Zhunsheng consists of 8 volumes. Volume 1 covers the general principles of cold-damage disease, volumes 2 to 7 cover the six meridians disease syndromes, combined diseases, deteriorated diseases, erosion of throat, anus and genitalia, lily disease, post-recovery diseases, yin-yang transmission, spring warmth, summer heat, autumn malaria, as well as women's and children's cold-damage disease. The discussion is primarily based on cold-damage disease theory, extensively collecting various treatment methods and noting their sources.
Sore and wound doctor Zhengzhi Zhunsheng also known as Surgical Zhengzhi Zhunsheng, consists of 6 volumes. Volumes 1 to 5 focus on surgical disease syndromes, volume 6 covers injuries, with the most detailed and accurate description of human skeletal anatomy.Pediatrics Zhengzhi Zhunsheng follows Qian Yi in organizing syndromes according to the five zang-organs. Volume 1 covers the newborn category, starting with general treatment theories, followed by initial fetal diseases. Volume 2 covers the liver, including convulsions, epilepsy, apoplexy, eye disorders, urinary disorders, hernias, and throat disorders. Volumes 3 to 6 cover the heart, including fever, heart pain, irritability, tongue disorders, loss of blood, delayed speech, sores and ulcers, with a focus on smallpox. Volumes 7 to 8 cover the spleen, including refusal to eat, vomiting and diarrhea, dysentery, malnutrition, stuffiness, jaundice, etc. Volume 9 covers the lungs and kidneys, including cough, asthma, crying, tortoise breast (chicken breast), prolapse of rectum, fontanel depression, five retardations, five kinds of flaccidity, etc. The syndromes are detailed with both theory and prescriptions.
Gynecology Zhengzhi Zhunsheng is derived from Chen Zi-mingFuren Daquan Liangfang. Volume 1 covers general treatment theories, listing general prescriptions for women's diseases, followed by the menstruation regulation category; volumes 2 to 3 cover miscellaneous syndromes; volumes 4 to 5 cover prenatal care; volume 6 covers postnatal care. Each category is further divided into disease syndromes, each with both theory and prescriptions, with all referenced materials cited. This book is a representative work of gynecology and obstetrics in the Ming Dynasty.
Zhengzhi Zhunsheng is extensive in its collection, rigorous in its editing, and balanced in its theories, making it one of the most widely circulated medical works of the 17th century. The 12-volume edition includes the 1860 edition published by Xu Mei of Haining, the 1893 lead-printed edition by Tushu Jicheng Printing Bureau, and over 20 other editions. The 1956 photolithographic edition by People's Medical Publishing House is the current standard edition.The initial edition of the entire book consists of 4 volumes. Volume 1 begins with a chapter of mnemonic verses with annotations, summarizing the etiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of surgical diseases, followed by 16 commonly used prescriptions in surgery. It then includes over 30 illustrations of the locations and shapes of sores and ulcers, concluding with the "Ten Principles of Yongju for Various Sores and Ulcers." Volumes 2 to 4 discuss over 120 common surgical diseases, each detailing the pathogenesis, symptoms, treatment methods, and presenting case studies, with prescriptions provided at the end. The book is rich in content, with detailed and clear arguments, well-chosen prescriptions, clear illustrations, and easy-to-remember mnemonic verses, making it an outstanding work in the field of surgery.
This book is renowned for its "most detailed evidence and most refined treatments."
The "Five Precepts for Physicians" and "Ten Essentials for Physicians" in the book establish rules for doctors, proposing behavioral standards in medical ethics and skills, which have had a significant impact on the history of medical ethics in China.