This book, consisting of two volumes, was written by Xu Da-chun in the 22nd year of the Qianlong reign (1757). It can be considered as the "Xu Da-chun Medical Essays," containing a total of ninety-nine critical essays. The first volume covers meridians and collaterals, zang-fu organs, pulse, diseases, and prescriptions, while the second volume discusses treatment methods, book reviews (including various disciplines), and ancient and modern topics. The book delves into the origins, advantages, and disadvantages of medicine, offering insightful and comprehensive discussions. It touches on many new perspectives, addressing topics that previous scholars had not explored and speaking boldly where others dared not. It particularly critiques contemporary issues with profound reasoning. The history of Chinese medicine has long lacked such a masterful critic, and Da-chun truly stands as the foremost figure in this regard, both ancient and modern. However, at times, his arguments may go to extremes.

This book contains many advanced theories, such as the essay "On the Necessity of Testing the Efficacy of Treatments," which criticizes "modern doctors who do the opposite in every way, merely memorizing a few prescriptions and selecting a few fashionable medicines, regardless of the disease or symptoms, always using these to fulfill their duties." He argues, "If doctors can use this method (of efficacy) to self-assess, they will surely become excellent physicians; if patients use this method to evaluate doctors, they will not be misled by incompetent ones." This strongly advocates for "practical testing" as a standard. The method of variolation was not traditional and faced significant resistance at the time, yet Xu demonstrated profound insight by pointing out its "nine benefits" and tirelessly promoting it.